Yield and traits associated with drought tolerance in exotic groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes under different watering regimes
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Date
2014
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Groundnut (Araehis hypogaea L.) production in rain fed regions of Afnca is mostly
affected by intermittent drought of different duration and intensity. Improvement of
groundnuts for drought tolerance could increase production in drought areas. Therefore,
this study aimed at identifying drought tolerant genotypes as source material for breeding.
Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate 30 groundnut genotypes for drought tolerance,
under well watered and water stress condition. A split plot experiment in completely
randomized design with four replications was conducted in screen house at Sokoine
University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. Data were recorded (or plant height, number
of pod/plant and pod yield/plant. Harvest Index (HI), SCMR at 40, 60 and 80 DAS and
DTI of pod yield and number of pods/plant were measured and calculated as drought
tolerant traits. Broad-sense heritability was calculated for HI, pod yield, number of
pod/plant and SCMR. Results showed that drought significantly reduced pod yield,
number of pods/plant and plant height but significantly increased SCMR. Number of
pods/plant, SCMR at 60 DAS and HI were significantly related to pod yield in all
watering condition. Heritability of the traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.59 with HI having
highest value and number of pods lowest in WW while in WS condition heritability was
generally lower from 0.04 to 0.45. Due to SCMR at 60 DAS, number of pods/plant and
HI having moderate heritability and significant correlation with pod yield under water
stress condABSTRACT
Groundnut (Araehis hypogaea L.) production in rain fed regions of Afnca is mostly
affected by intermittent drought of different duration and intensity. Improvement of
groundnuts for drought tolerance could increase production in drought areas. Therefore,
this study aimed at identifying drought tolerant genotypes as source material for breeding.
Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate 30 groundnut genotypes for drought tolerance,
under well watered and water stress condition. A split plot experiment in completely
randomized design with four replications was conducted in screen house at Sokoine
University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. Data were recorded (or plant height, number
of pod/plant and pod yield/plant. Harvest Index (HI), SCMR at 40, 60 and 80 DAS and
DTI of pod yield and number of pods/plant were measured and calculated as drought
tolerant traits. Broad-sense heritability was calculated for HI, pod yield, number of
pod/plant and SCMR. Results showed that drought significantly reduced pod yield,
number of pods/plant and plant height but significantly increased SCMR. Number of
pods/plant, SCMR at 60 DAS and HI were significantly related to pod yield in all
watering condition. Heritability of the traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.59 with HI having
highest value and number of pods lowest in WW while in WS condition heritability was
generally lower from 0.04 to 0.45. Due to SCMR at 60 DAS, number of pods/plant and
HI having moderate heritability and significant correlation with pod yield under water
stress condition, these could be useful criteria in drought tolerance selection. In this study
11 genotypes namely, ICG 2106, ICR 48, ICGS 44, ICG 3053, ICG 11088, ICGV-SM
87003, ICG 12235, ICG 13723, ICGV 02271, ICGV 97182 and ICGV 91114 were
identified as possible drought tolerant based on high pod yield, HI, SCMR at 60 DAS and
number of pods/plants in water stress conditionition, these could be useful criteria in drought tolerance selection. In this study
11 genotypes namely, ICG 2106, ICR 48, ICGS 44, ICG 3053, ICG 11088, ICGV-SM
87003, ICG 12235, ICG 13723, ICGV 02271, ICGV 97182 and ICGV 91114 were
identified as possible drought tolerant based on high pod yield, HI, SCMR at 60 DAS and
number of pods/plants in water stress condition
Description
Masters Theses
Keywords
Yield groundnut, Exotic-drought tolerance, (Arachis hypogaea L.), Watering regimes, Groundnut genotypes