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Sokoine University of Agriculture Institutional Repository (SUA IR). This repository was built and is maintained by the university library (Sokoine National Agricultural Library-SNAL) , in order to collect, preserve and disseminate scholarly output generated by University research community (staff and students) members.
This repository hosts a variety of openly accessible materials including: scholarly articles and books, theses and dissertations, conference proceedings and technical reports. For assistance about depositing your research output in the repository click here. SUA IR Policy click here or any queries contact us at snal@sua.ac.tz.
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- The Agroforesty Community is a collaborative network dedicated to advancing sustainable land-use practices that integrate trees, crops, and livestock. It serves as a platform for knowledge exchange, research dissemination, and practical innovations in Agroforestry. By fostering connections among researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and local communities, the Agroforestry Community promotes environmental conservation, enhanced agricultural productivity, and resilient livelihoods.
Recent Submissions
Effects of herbicides on weeds, sugar content and yield of sugarcane (saccharuh officinarum l.' at low and high application volumes
(1990) Fute, Jonas Louis
Results are presented of two field experiments
conducted under rainfed and irrigated conditions to evaluate
the effects herbicides, on weeds, sugarcane (Saccharu»
o-f-ficirtarum L. ) cv NCo 376 yield and quality. The herbicides
were Dimepax (3.0 and 2.0 kg a.i./ha) containing 507. dimethametryn C4-C1,2-di methyl—n-propy1ami no)-2-ethylamino-
6-methylthio-s—triazinel; Gesapax Plus (2.75 and 1.65 kg
a.i./ha) containing 10.3'Z ametryn C2--(ethylamino)-4-
(isopropylamino)-6-methylthio--s-triazine3 and 36. 77. MSMA
(Monosodium methane arsonate); Gesapax H (2.50 and 1.50 kg
a.i./ha) containing 21‘Z ametryn and 29‘Z 2,4—D C(2,4-dichloro
phenoxy) serfi acid3; and Gesapax Combi <4.0 and 2.5 kg a.i./ha) containing 25X ametryn and 257. atrazine C2—chloro— 4- (ethyl ami no) -6- (i sopropylainino) -s—tr i azinel.
Each experiment was laid down as split-plot in a randomised complete block design replicated four times with
main plots assigned to high (213.0 1/ha) and low (26.5 1/ha)
carrier water volumes. Herbicides dosage rates were assigned
to the sub—plots with the lower rate receiving a
supplementary handweeding 6 weeks after spraying.
In the irrigated experiment, where broadleaf weeds were
the main species, Gesapax H at 2.50 and 1.50 kg a.i./ha
provided the best control pf greater than SOX at 6 weeks
after treatment (WAT). Grass weeds, which were dominant at
the rainfed site, were best controlled by Gesapax Plus at2.75 and 1.65 kg a.i./ha which provided a control greater
than 907. during the same period. In both cases,
supplementary handweeding improved duration of weed control.
Reduction of carrier water volume had no biological
advantage but reduced manday requirements for spraying by
69.47..
All herbicides induced recognizable but temporal
phytotoxic symptoms to sugarcane. Most severe symptoms were
shown at the rainfed experiment by Dimepax
(3.00 kg) when
applied in 26.5 1/ha carrier volume.
Best sugarcane yields were obtained where effective
herbicide treatment was supplemented by a handweeding.
In
the irrigated crop the weedfree treatments yielded
significantly higher than all herbicide treatments
in sugarcane yields but in the rainfed crop it yielded
statistically similar to Dimepax (2.00 kg), Gesapax Plus at
2.75 and 1.65 kg in sugarcane yields. Sugarcane quality was
not significantly (P<0.05) influenced by either herbicide
treatments or application volume.
Economic -analysis showed that Gesapax Plus at 1.65 kg
a.i./ha applied in 26.5 1 /’ha had the highest returns of Sh
49.92 and Sh 12.36 per each shilling invested for rainfed
and irrigated crops respectively.
Seed health status of rice and onion under the quality declared seed system: the case of Morogoro, Iringa and Dodoma Regions
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2006) William, Magdalena Nchagwa Magere
A study was conducted to determine the seed health status of rice and onion
produced under the quality declared seed (QDS) system in Tanzania. Using a
purposeful sampling technique, a total of 34 QDS farmers from Morogoro, Iringa
and Dodoma regions were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Seventeen
QDS samples each of rice and onion were collected from the interviewed farmers
from respective regions. The Blotter method was used to detect the fungal pathogens.
Identification of the detected fungi was done based on growth habit and
morphological characters of fruiting bodies and spores/conidia. The cassette holder
and direct plating methods were used to detect and isolate bacterial pathogens. The
isolated bacteria were characterized based on physiological tests, Biolog and
pathogenicity tests. All QDS onion and rice seed samples tested were infected by
fungal pathogens. Aspergillus niger and A. flavus were common detected fungal
pathogens in all onion seed samples. In rice seed samples, Phoma sp., Bipolar is
oryzae and Fusarium pallidoroseum were common detected fungal pathogens.
Bacterial pathogens were identified in 41.2 % and 52.9 % of onion and rice seed
samples, respectively. Pantoea agglomerans, P. dispersa, Ralstonia pickettii and
Enterobacter cloacae were identified as new pathogens on onion in Tanzania while
P. agglomerans, Flavimonas oryzihabitans, Pseudomonas resinovorans, P. maculicola and E. aerogenes emerged as the new bacterial pathogens of rice. Insect
pests were found to be of major importance in producing good quality and healthy
seed under the QDS production system. The results stress the importance of checking
the seed health status of QDS in order to ensure the production and use of healthy seed. Future studies should be conducted on the importance of such detected
organisms under field and onion storage conditions. Insect pests should also be taken
up as a problem to be addressed by the QDS system.
Development of a computer data base for integrated pest management in selected crops for use in Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 1998) Mwatawala, Maulid Walad
I'm greatly indebted to my supervisor,
Dr. R.H. Makundi for
his guidance, constructive ideas and criticisms without which
the completion of this study would have been very difficult.
My thanks are extended to Mr. Lugole G.S
Turbo pascal programming language.
Computer
Centre,
SUA,
for
for training me in
I'm thankful also to the
allowing
me
to
use
computer
facilities for the programming.
Thanks are also due to staff members of the Department of
Crop Science and Production for their assistance during all
stages of my study.
I'm also
(DAAD),
thankful
for
their
to
the German Academic
financial
support
Exchange
which
enabled
Service
me
to
conduct the study.
Thanks to my parents for taking me to school. All this could
never happen without them. Special
thanks
assistance
to
my
brother
S.W.
Mwatawala
in building the concept
of
this
study,
for
his
despite
differing professional background.
Last but not least, I would like to thank my friends; Mwikila
0. ,
Ntemi L. P. ,
Igge A.A. ,
Mwandosya,
G. ,
G., Machumu B., Mwakalobo B., Jumanne, 0.
contributed to this study.
Lerna A.A. ,
Nsati
and all others who contributed to this study.
Effect of growth regulators on in vivo shoot proliferation and rooting selected local banana (Musa spp.L.) cultivars
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2014) Mwakisitu, Juliana Amos
Dipping banana corms in BAP at 1.5 mg /litre for 12 hours enhances banana sucker
proliferation. Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a growth regulator with both cytokinin and auxin
effect and has a higher residual effect than BAP. The influence of TDZ on shoot
proliferation and root formation in banana is hardly known. The objectives of this study
were to evaluate the effect of (1) in vivo propagation combined with temporary TDZ
treatments on sucker multiplication and growth and (2) indole-3-butyric acid on rooting
and growth of TDZ in vivo derived suckers of banana. The study was conducted at
Sokoine University of Agriculture and comprised of two experiments established in a split
plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The main factor for
both experiments was banana cultivars (Mtwike, Mzuzu and Bukoba). The sub-factor for
experiment one was TDZ concentrations (0.5, 1.0. 2.0 and 3.0 mg/1) while the sub-factor
for experiment two was 1BA at 0.06 % and control (no 1BA). Data were subjected to
analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean separation was done based on Student-Newman-
Keuls at P < 5% using GenStat Statistical Programme I2lh Edition. Results showed that
TDZ at 2.0 mg/1 led to the highest proliferation of 6.3 suckers per conn followed by TDZ
at 3.0 and 1.0 mg/1 with 4.6 and 4.0 suckers per corm, respectively. Banana cv. Bukoba
produced the highest number of 6.4 suckers per corm followed by cv. Mzuzu and cv.
Mtwike with 2.9 and 2.3 suckers per corm, respectively. Treatments of TDZ-derived
suckers in IBA powder at 0.06 % reduced root formation and growth. Further studies are
required to determine alternative cytokine-based growth regulators for enhancing banana
shoot productivity under in vivo multiplication
Socio-economic factors influencing adoption of improved goat husbandry practices among smallholder livestock keepers in Chemba District Council, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2018) Shilangalila, Sebastian Sylvanus
This study was conducted to assess socio-economic factors influencing adoption of
improved goat husbandry practices among smallholder livestock keepers in Chcmba
District Council, Dodoma region. Specifically, the study sought to determine the extent of
adoption of improved goat husbandry practices; to describe the socio-economic factors
that influence adoption of improved goat husbandry practices among smallholder goat
keepers; and to determine the perception of smallholder goat keepers on the adoption of
improved goal husbandry practices. A cross-sectional design was employed involving 128
respondents selected from four villages of Mondo. Paranga, Kclcma balai and Waida.
Structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data; and secondary data were
collected from relevant reports and documents. Focus group discussion and key informant
interview were used to collect qualitative information related to goat husbandry practices.
The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed in analyzing primary
data. Content analysis was also used to analyze the qualitative data. Findings showed that
improved goal husbandry practices such as de-worming. dipping, health records were the
most adopted by the smallholder livestock keepers. Improved goat husbandry practices
such as feeding mineral supplement, concentrates, chopped fodder, maintenance of goat
house and orientation of goat shed practices were not adopted. On the other hand, the
results from multiple linear regression analysis showed that annual income farming
experience, sex. household size, herd size, contacting with extension officer and
occupation had statistically significant impact on adoption (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). The
results further show that, majority of the respondents had positive perception (65.6%)
towards improved goat husbandry practices. The results suggest that the use of improved
goat husbandry practices is an effective way in increasing productivity among smallholder
livestock keepers. However, challenges revolving around financial constraints affected trained goat keepers in making effective use of certain improved goat husbandry practices.
It is recommended that effort should be made by the Government to ensure accessibility
and affordability of inputs.