Managing pastoralists and farmers' conflict in Tanzania. a narrative review of strategies, implementation and challenges

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorJesse, Angela Mcharo
dc.contributor.authorMalisa, Emmanuel Timoth
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-28T12:22:42Z
dc.date.available2026-04-28T12:22:42Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionOriginal Article
dc.description.abstractPastoralists and farmers' conflict is a continuous problem in African countries, including Tanzania, which results in many negative effects, including death, injury and destruction of properties. Causes include competition for land, scarcity of land and water, unclear and or trespass of village boundaries, effects of climate change and inappropriate approaches to solve the existing pastoralists and farmers’ disputes. Since the relevance of conflict management strategies is dynamic socially, temporally and spatially, various studies have been providing a contextual, still fragmented picture of the strategies. Previous reviews have focused on conflict management in Africa as a whole, in West Africa, in East Africa and in South Africa. The present review focuses on the Tanzanian context. Specifically, this review explores the strategies employed in managing the pastoralists-farmers conflict in Tanzania and challenges observed in their implementation. A narrative review methodology was employed. The search words used were: farmers and pastoralists conflict in Africa and in Tanzania; causes of pastoralists and farmers conflicts in Africa and in Tanzania; strategies used to manage conflict in Africa and in Tanzania; and challenges facing the pastoralists and farmers conflict resolution in Tanzania. Strategies employed to resolve conflict between pastoralists and farmers in Tanzania, based on this study, include: enforcement of land rules and procedures, mediation, negotiation, competing and avoiding. The observed challenges were poor implementation of land policy, poor involvement of the community in conflict resolution and the growing land scarcity. The review concludes that; prevalence and applicability of pastoralists-farmers conflict management strategies differ by situation/state of the community, i.e. existing social relationships; awareness and enforcement of land rules, laws, regulations and human rights; existing informal institutions and their functioning alongside the formal institutions; and the role played by trusted and neutral individuals in the community. While conflict resolution through peaceful ways, as the conflict resolution theory entails, works and is recommended, the review acknowledges that there are times when the use of force becomes indispensable. Selection of pastoralists-farmers conflict resolution
dc.identifier.citationhttps://doi.org/10.37284/eajass.8.4.4267
dc.identifier.issn2707-4277
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/20.500.14820/7507
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEast African Nature & Science Organization (EANSO)
dc.relation.ispartofseriesVolume 8, Issue 4, 2025
dc.subjectPastoralists
dc.subjectFarmers
dc.subjectConflict Management
dc.subjectManagement Strategies
dc.titleManaging pastoralists and farmers' conflict in Tanzania. a narrative review of strategies, implementation and challenges
dc.typeArticle

Files

Original bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Jesse, Angela_SUA_Article_December 2025.pdf
Size:
456.72 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Original Article
Download

License bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.75 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download

Collections

Articles, Conference and Workshop Papers Collection