Implementation extent and impact of village land use planning on tree cover trends in Miombo woodland landscapes of Tanzania

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Date

2024

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

Sokoine University of Agriculture

Abstract

Multiple social, cultural, and economic forces are causing fast land-use changes in forests. Agriculture, logging, and other human activities cause the loss of about 6 million hectares of primary forest per year around the world. Therefore, it is important to assess the trend of tree cover across time and space and the extent to which the village land use plans have been executed. The study is in line with National land policy (1995), Village Land Act No. 5 of 1999 and National Land Use Planning Act No. 6 of 2007. This study used the analysis of remote sensing data to assess trends in vegetation cover 10 years before and after land use planning in Ihombwe, Gole, and Kisegese villages located in various climatic areas in Miombo woodlands of Tanzania. Additionally, the study assessed the perception of local communities on the extent of implementation of land use planning through interviews administered to 30 households randomly selected in each village. Land use planning process was carried out in Ihombwe, Gole and Kisegese villages and remote sensing data were used to reveal the forest cover before and after the planning process. The analysis of remote sensing data revealed that tree cover was declining by 33.31%, 36.75% and 46.17% before land use planning in Ihombwe, Gole and Kisegese villages respectively. After the land use planning, there were mixed results. In areas designated for village forest reserve, there was an increase in tree cover by 9.74% and 25.23% in Ihombwe and Gole respectively. However, in Kisegese, the tree cover continued to decline, but at a slower rate of 35.42%. Outside of the forest reserves, in areas allocated for settlement, agriculture, community service, and grazing, tree cover continued to decline even after land use planning. The perception of survey participants regarding the extent of implementation of the approved village land use plan was higher in areas designated as forest reserves by 57% and 65% in Ihombwe and Gole respectively but very poor in Kisegese with 20%. Also, there was poor implementation in areas designated for grazing by 15%, 24% and 0% in Ihombwe, Gole and Kisegese respectively. Poor implementation of the land use plans was mainly constrained by the resistance of certain village inhabitants who did not approve of certain specified land use classifications and exclusion of the communities during the drafting of the plans and partly due to the lack of suitability of the land use categories. The level of involvement in the planning and implementation process varies, with Ihombwe and Gole villages showing higher participation than Kisegese to which to which the respondents were only involved in implementation of the plan. Drivers that motivated the formulation of the land use plans are mainly deforestation, immigration and occurrence of the land use conflicts. There was an increase in tree cover in forest reserves and decline outside the forest in Gole and Ihombwe, also the decline in tree cover in Kisegese, before and after land use planning. Exclusion of the communities during the drafting of the plans led to poor plans implementation. Effective conservation measures are needed to reverse the trend of forest loss and promote sustainable land use in Kisegese village. Active community engagement during planning process is needed to contribute to the alignment of land use plans with local needs and fostering ownership.

Description

Dissertation

Keywords

Land cover, Forests, Remote sensing, Landscapes, Deforestation

Citation