Monitoring costs and benefits under conventional and community-based approaches used in forest management in Iringa district, Tanzania
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Date
2016-01
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Omics publishing group
Abstract
Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring costs and
reduce burden to the government and ensure sustainability of those resources. This paper compared monitoring
costs and benefits under conventional and community-based monitoring methods used in forest management in
Tanzania. Specifically the paper intended to identify activities undertaken in conventional and community-based
monitoring approaches, explore the perceptions of the local communities and experts on the two approaches,
assess and compare monitoring costs in each approach and hence suggest the most effective approach for
monitoring forest resources. Data were collected in eleven villages adjacent to Kitapilimwa and Nyang’oro forest
reserves, Iringa district. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences and excel
computer programs. Results show that under community-based monitoring approach the frequently performed
activity was patrolling while in conventional monitoring was boundary consolidation. The average payment for
patrolling was Tshs. 1445.46 (≈ 1.45 USD)/person/day while escorting researchers was Tshs. 2522.73 (≈ 2.52 USD)/
person/day. About 39% of the respondents perceived that people use much of their time in monitoring activities with
little payments. Under community-based monitoring approach the average monitoring costs was Tshs. 11153.85 (≈
11.15 USD)/person/year and Tshs. 114.78 (≈ 0.11 USD)/ha/year while under conventional monitoring was Tshs.
25755.73 (≈ 25.76 USD)/person/year and 392.08 (≈ 0.39 USD)/ha/year. Conventional monitoring was perceived to
be more effective than community based monitoring approach in data collection activities. To ensure sustainability of
forest resources in the villages, we suggest the use of both monitoring approaches than a stand-alone approach to
complement each other and maximize the potentials. Mainstream it into the existing government structure to avoid
duplication of efforts and ensure sustainability of conservation activities. We recommend further research to assess
the effectiveness of community based monitoring system on data collection and its quality.
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Keywords
Community based, Natural resource management, Management costs and benefits, Monitoring approaches, Livelihoods, Conventional monitoring, Local communities