Browsing by Author "Philipo, Mashamba"

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Effect of Watering Regimes on Yield and Agronomic Traits of Exotic Groundnut Genotypes in Tanzania
(Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology, 2019) Philipo, Mashamba; Nchimbi-Msolla, Susan
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in rain fed regions of Africa is mostly affected by intermittent drought of different duration and intensity. Improvement of groundnuts for drought tolerance could increase production in drought prone areas. Therefore, this study aimed at (i) determining the effect of Watering regimes on yield and agronomic traits of exotic Groundnut genotypes and (ii) identifying drought tolerant genotypes as source material for breeding and drought tolerant varieties. Thirty groundnut genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance under well watered and water stress conditions in the screen house at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. A split plot design with four replications was used whereby the watering regimes were the main plots with varieties planted as subplots Data were recorded on plant height, number of pod/plant and pod yield/plant. Results showed that drought significantly reduced pod yield, number of pods/plant and plant height. Eleven genotypes namely; ICG 2106, ICR 48, ICGS 44, ICG 3053, ICG 11088, ICGV-SM 87003, ICG 12235, ICG 13723, ICGV 02271, ICGV 97182 and ICGV 91114 gave better pod yield and number of pods/plants in water stress conditions and are recommended for use in breeding program as drought tolerant varieties and sources for breeding materials.
Yield and traits associated with drought tolerance in exotic groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes under different watering regimes
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2014) Philipo, Mashamba
Groundnut (Araehis hypogaea L.) production in rain fed regions of Afnca is mostly affected by intermittent drought of different duration and intensity. Improvement of groundnuts for drought tolerance could increase production in drought areas. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying drought tolerant genotypes as source material for breeding. Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate 30 groundnut genotypes for drought tolerance, under well watered and water stress condition. A split plot experiment in completely randomized design with four replications was conducted in screen house at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. Data were recorded (or plant height, number of pod/plant and pod yield/plant. Harvest Index (HI), SCMR at 40, 60 and 80 DAS and DTI of pod yield and number of pods/plant were measured and calculated as drought tolerant traits. Broad-sense heritability was calculated for HI, pod yield, number of pod/plant and SCMR. Results showed that drought significantly reduced pod yield, number of pods/plant and plant height but significantly increased SCMR. Number of pods/plant, SCMR at 60 DAS and HI were significantly related to pod yield in all watering condition. Heritability of the traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.59 with HI having highest value and number of pods lowest in WW while in WS condition heritability was generally lower from 0.04 to 0.45. Due to SCMR at 60 DAS, number of pods/plant and HI having moderate heritability and significant correlation with pod yield under water stress condABSTRACT Groundnut (Araehis hypogaea L.) production in rain fed regions of Afnca is mostly affected by intermittent drought of different duration and intensity. Improvement of groundnuts for drought tolerance could increase production in drought areas. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying drought tolerant genotypes as source material for breeding. Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate 30 groundnut genotypes for drought tolerance, under well watered and water stress condition. A split plot experiment in completely randomized design with four replications was conducted in screen house at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. Data were recorded (or plant height, number of pod/plant and pod yield/plant. Harvest Index (HI), SCMR at 40, 60 and 80 DAS and DTI of pod yield and number of pods/plant were measured and calculated as drought tolerant traits. Broad-sense heritability was calculated for HI, pod yield, number of pod/plant and SCMR. Results showed that drought significantly reduced pod yield, number of pods/plant and plant height but significantly increased SCMR. Number of pods/plant, SCMR at 60 DAS and HI were significantly related to pod yield in all watering condition. Heritability of the traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.59 with HI having highest value and number of pods lowest in WW while in WS condition heritability was generally lower from 0.04 to 0.45. Due to SCMR at 60 DAS, number of pods/plant and HI having moderate heritability and significant correlation with pod yield under water stress condition, these could be useful criteria in drought tolerance selection. In this study 11 genotypes namely, ICG 2106, ICR 48, ICGS 44, ICG 3053, ICG 11088, ICGV-SM 87003, ICG 12235, ICG 13723, ICGV 02271, ICGV 97182 and ICGV 91114 were identified as possible drought tolerant based on high pod yield, HI, SCMR at 60 DAS and number of pods/plants in water stress conditionition, these could be useful criteria in drought tolerance selection. In this study 11 genotypes namely, ICG 2106, ICR 48, ICGS 44, ICG 3053, ICG 11088, ICGV-SM 87003, ICG 12235, ICG 13723, ICGV 02271, ICGV 97182 and ICGV 91114 were identified as possible drought tolerant based on high pod yield, HI, SCMR at 60 DAS and number of pods/plants in water stress condition