Antimicrobial use in cattle and poultry production on occurrence of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli. A systematic review with focus on sub-Saharan Africa
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Date
2022-10-24
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Frontiers
Abstract
Antimicrobial use in livestock production has been linked to antimicrobial
resistance (AMR) worldwide; however, optimization of their use has been
considered an important strategy in dealing with it. The aims of this study
were as follows: (a) to assess the literature on antimicrobial usage (practices,
frequency, class, type) in cattle and poultry production with regard to
resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli) including multidrug resistance (MDR)
(b) summarize evidence for quantitative (volumes of active antimicrobial
ingredients) and quality (identify and quantify active ingredient) and (c) to
identify data gaps. Peer reviewed literature search was conducted by querying
two online databases: PubMed and Google scholar from November 15, 2018
to February 2019. The inclusion criteria for eligibility were articles: published
in English between 2008 and 2018, including poultry (chicken) or cattle or
both, E. coli bacteria of choice, antimicrobial use on farms, quantitative data
and quality of antimicrobial used. Microsoft Excel was used for data extraction
and Rayyan software for eligibility studies. The search retrieved 1,446 probable
articles including those from the reference list of significant papers, of which
twenty-four articles remained on full text review with more than a third
of the studies being conducted in Nigeria. Farm surveys and antimicrobial
sales were identified as the main sources of data and the mean quantities of
antimicrobials based on sales data were 23,234, 41,280.87, and 1,538,443 kg
of the active ingredient in Nigeria, Zambia and South Africa, respectively.
One study from Cameroon determined the quantities of active ingredients
based on dose metrics while another study still from Cameroon mentioned
the quality of antimicrobials. Tetracyclines, beta-lactams/aminoglycosides
and fluoroquinolones were the most common classes of antimicrobials
(antibiotics) used. Our review reveals a dearth of information in Sub- Saharan
Africa on the quantity and quality of veterinary drugs and yet they play a role in
the overall picture of antimicrobial resistance. This finding gives an opportunity
in the area of focus for future research as far as resistance and multidrug
resistance are concerned in food producing animals.
Description
Article
Keywords
Antimicrobial use, Cattle, Poultry, Quality, Quantity, Sub-Saharan Africa
Citation
Azabo R, Dulle F, Mshana SE, Matee M and Kimera S (2022) Antimicrobial use in cattle and poultry production on occurrence of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli. A systematic review with focus on sub-Saharan Africa.