Evaluation of microbial contamination along the milk value chain in two districts of Tanzania

dc.contributor.authorHyera, Emil
dc.date.accessioned2017-12-08T10:40:12Z
dc.date.available2017-12-08T10:40:12Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.descriptionMSc Thesisen_US
dc.description.abstractMilk is important as a valuable diet, but due to its nutritional value and perishable product it serves as an ideal medium for growth of various microorganisms under suitable conditions, hence it is a staple food in epidemiology linked to zoonotic pathogens. This study was carried out in two districts in Tanga region (Northern Tanzania) to estimate microbial load, isolate selected pathogens and establish their possible sources or entry along the milk value chain. A total of 114 respondents were interviewed and subsequently milk samples were aseptically collected for laboratory microbial analyses using the standard ISO procedures for Food microbial analyses — Horizontal methods. The results revealed poor practices and lack of formal training on milk hygiene among most of the actors. More than 90% of all handled milk samples had Total plate count (TPC) above the EAC maximum acceptable standard of 2.0x10 5 CFU/ml. The overall mean coliform plate count (CPC) was 1.8x10 6 ± 6.2x10 6 CFU/ml, which indicated poor animal husbandry and hygiene practices. The values of TPC and CPC between independent variables were not statistically significant different (P > 0.05). In the samples, one contained CPS isolate counting to 5.1x10 5 CFU/ml likely to cause staphylococcal poisoning. Isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria spp. including Listeria innocua, Listeria ivanovii and Listeria monocytogenes. Other microorganisms included Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas spp. In the identified pathogens, L. monocytogenes was most (42.1%) predominant. The quality of milk was poor; unhygienic practices, poor animal husbandry practices, organization of milk supply chains, dysfunction of the regulatory agencies and quality control structures predispose the public to risk of contracting milk-borne infections. Training on animal husbandry practices and public education on general milk handling and hygiene are recommended. Also, sector policies, organizational structures and support services and research into public health risks in milk must be focused.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, German Department for International Cooperation (GIZ) and CGIAR CRP4 Agriculture for Nutrition and Health through the Safe Food Fair Food II (SFFF II) projecten_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/1829
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSokoine University of Agricultureen_US
dc.subjectmilk qualityen_US
dc.subjecthygienic practicesen_US
dc.subjectanimal husbandryen_US
dc.subjectperishable productsen_US
dc.subjectnutritional valueen_US
dc.subjectmicrobial contaminationen_US
dc.subjectmilk value chainen_US
dc.titleEvaluation of microbial contamination along the milk value chain in two districts of Tanzaniaen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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