Community’s perception towards women’s participation in Bongo flavour music industry: a case of Kinondoni district, Tanzania
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Date
2022
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine community perceptions towards women
participation in Bongo flavour music in Tanzania, due to the existing problem of low
participation of women in the Tanzanian music industry. Specifically, the study aimed at
assessing the level of knowledge of community on the benefits acquired from music; to
assess community attitude towards women musicians; and to assess factors affecting
women participation in Bongo flavour music. Kinondoni District was selected to be the
study area. Cross- sectional research design was adapted in this study. A questionnaire
with open and close ended questions was prepared to get information from 120
respondents. Community members of Kinondoni was regarded as the unit of analysis.
Purposive and simple random sampling methods were used to select wards, streets,
respondents, key informants and FGDs. A pilot study was undertaken in two wards
(Kawe and Magomeni) aimed to pre-test the interviews’ schedule aimed at testing the
cogency and consistency of the tools in terms of relevancy, accuracy and objectivity. Both
primary data (survey method using questionnaire) and secondary data (reviewing of
published reports, books, journals and web site) were collected. Both quantitative and
qualitative research methods were used for data collection. Structured questionnaire for
respondents while checklist were administered to guide the discussions during key
informants’ interviews and FGDs. Female musicians were ten and other sixteen music
industry structures i.e producers, DJs’, music teachers, music promoters, distributors and
leaders from BASATA were the key informants. In each of the selected wards, two
FGD’s were formed by a maximum of six to ten participants for collection of qualitative
data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 20 was used to make
descriptive statistics including; frequencies, percentages and means as well as inferential
statistics (Chi square). Qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis. A Likert scale was used to measure community attitude towards female musicians. In order to
identify variables associated with women participation in Bongo flavour music, a model
summary was discussed and a binary logistic regression model was used in this section.
Overall, the community was knowledgeable on the benefits acquired from music (male
72% & female 52%, youth’s 68.9% & elders 55.8%). The findings showed that, 58% of
the respondents had negative attitude towards female musicians due to their poor dressing
and dancing styles, themes of their songs as well as the situation of exposing their
personal life including their relationships to the public. On the other hand, the remaining
42% had positive attitude. In addition to that, the results from binary logistic regression
indicated that participation of women in music industry is influenced with peer group
(p=0.001), religion (p=0.002), poor dressing style (p=0.000) and age (found to be
statistically slightly significant at p=0.066 at 10% level of significance). Low participation
of women in Bongo flavour music was influenced by negative attitude from the
community, lack of capital and exposure. The recommendation was that the community
and government have to increase the support towards female musicians morally and
financially from the family and schooling perspective. This is because a female musician
has the potential to contribute in the national development if her music talent is properly
utilized.
Description
Dissertation
Keywords
Women’s participation, Bongo flavour music, Kinondoni district, Tanzania, Music industry