Insulin resistance among pregnant women in urban areas of Arusha region, Tanzania
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Abstract
Aim: To establish the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and its determinants among selected pregnant
women in urban Arusha for taking preventive measures.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and December 2018 at Ngarenaro and
Kaloleni health facilities in Arusha District involving 230 randomly selected pregnant women who were not
known to have diabetes before pregnancy. Blood glucose at fasting and 2 hr after consuming 75 grams of
glucose dissolved in 300 mL of water was measured using Gluco-Plus , serum insulin concentrations using
ELISA machine (Synergy/HTX ; BioTek), and IR was calculated using the Homeostasis Model of Assessment
formula. Body fat was measured using a bioelectric impedance analyzer, mid-upper arm circumference using a
regular tape, weight using SECA , blood pressure using GT-868UF Geratherm machine, and height by
stadiometer. Maternal characteristics were collected through face to face interviews using a structured ques-
tionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science Version 20.
Results: The prevalence of IR was 21% (n = 49) and significantly associated with increased body fat percentage
(adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–2.5), family history of Type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM; AOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.21–6.33), hypertension (AOR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.12–5.6), edema (AOR:
3.01, 95% CI: 1.31–6.96), and proteinuria (AOR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.11–10.69).
Conclusions: IR was higher among pregnant women with increased body fat percentage, family history of
T2DM, hypertension, edema, and proteinuria. These findings call for large-scale screening to further explore
risk factors to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus.
Description
METABOLIC SYNDROME AND RELATED DISORDERS
Volume 17, Number 10 Pp. 512–517
Keywords
Insulin resistance, Gestational diabetes, Arusha, Tanzania