Abstract:
The role of training in human resource development is
assessed through this study of the state of the art in
Tanzania*
An analysis was conducted of the forces and
factors influencing the effectiveness of four training
programs with a major focus on 1) identification of the
nature of practical problems in planning* organizing* and
Implementing training* and 2) generating theoretical
notions and concepts pertaining to the various dimensions
of villager level training*
Following a grounded theory approach* both qualitative
and quantitative data were generated using village Level
surveys*
Interviews* and documentary analysis*
Six themes
emerged: needs assessment and other training related
research; selection and recruitment of trainees* factors
affecting the response of villagers to training* delivery
systems for training* Instructional content* methods and
materials* and post—course follow-up.
Current needs assessment efforts were formal*
structured and restricted to general village needs*
Problem specific studies were found to result In a better design of training*
Complex and detailed surveys reduced
client control and resulted in inordinate delays*
The
responsibility for trainee selection has shifted from the
extension worker to the village chairperson or the village
council*
Long duration and/or residential courses
adversely affect the attendance of adults* and especially
women•
Sexually defined roles within the household and on
the farm result in a differential response from different
family members*
Educational background per se did not
affect the response to short duration courses*
Village
based short courses and demonstrations were the most
preferred instructional approaches*
Training impact was
often determined by the quality and intensity of follow—
up.
The non—availability of material inputs limited the
utilization of training skills.
The study suggests the need to consolidate rather than
expand the existent network of residential centres while
gradually increasing their village outreach activities.
An Improved representation of adults* especially women was
considered necessary.
Further research pertaining to
socio—psychological determinants of trainee response*
cost—effeetiveness/cost—benefits* comparative studies of
residential and village based approaches and barriers to
women's response are recommended.
This study then
suggests important areas for theory and program
development and the charting of future research efforts.
