Effects of genotype on yield and yield component of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill)
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Date
2017
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Abstract
In 2013, the multi-location trial was implemented to evaluate the new soybean genotypes for their
agronomic performance against the local check. The experiment was conducted in three locations
namely Ilonga, Kibaha, and Mlingano in each location a triplicated trial involving six genotypes of
soybeans were implemented. The effects of genotype, location and genotype x environment interaction
under combined analysis on agronomic yield, and soybean yield were found significant at P<0.05. The
highest mean yield was found from TGX 1954-1Fand TGX 1908-8F in all locations. Correlations
coefficient for seed yield revealed a positive and significant association with all agronomic yield except
100 seed weight in all locations. The phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of
variation estimates were significantly high for pods per plants (49.49/27.04), while crude protein had the
lowest values (1.45/0.98). The finding also revealed that the differences between phenotypic coefficient
of variation (PCV) and genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) were significantly lower for crude protein
(0.45), followed by pod length (1.45) and 100 seed weight (2.6). The result suggests that the environment
had less effect on the expression of these traits. Therefore, selection based on these traits might
increase soybeans performance in all locations. The findings have demonstrated the stability of traits in
different locations which is a useful information in soybean breeding programs. TGX 194-1F and TGX
1908-8F were genotypes with high crude protein content, and revealed stable performance across the
three environments. TGX 1987-10F, TGX 1987-20F and TGX 1910-14F had better performance compared
to Bossier.
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Keywords
Soybeans, genotype, yield component, yield