Theses and Dissertations Collection

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Browsing Theses and Dissertations Collection by Subject "Agricultural credit"

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    The agrarian constitution of Zanzibar and its impact on agricultural development.
    (University of Bonn, 1998) Krain, Eberhard
    The title of this thesis is "the Agrarian Constitution oj Zanzibar and Its Impact on Agricultural Development''. Six elements were investigated in this dissertation: (i) the laws and law-like rules governing land ownership and land use, (ii) the succession to land and tree crops, (iii) the agricultural labor system, (iv) agricultural credit, (v) co-operatives, and (vi) the system of social security. Data were eolleeted in Zanzibar between 1990 and 1994. Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous urea of the United Republic of Tanzania. East Africa. Various formal and informal instruments of socio-economic research were applied during the research. Literature searches, interviews with key informants, semi-structured discussions with groups of male and female farmers, structured interviews with 360 heads of households in six villages, as well as numerous case and in-depth studies were conducted. The agrarian constitution is defined as the order that has been molded by law and custom and that determines agriculture and the course of life in the agrarian society (LlPINSKY. 1990/91 b; Lipinsky. 1981).The agrarian constitution of Zanzibar is the product of a number of important influences. In the less fertile coral rag area villagers, in many instances, follow rules that derive from African customary law (“mila”). in the fertile plantation area, where Arabs settled since the beginning of the 19th century, Islamic-Arabic laws and customs (Sheria) have been introduced and have had a lasting impact that, until today, extend to the whole of Zanzibar. British influence started with the establishment of a protectorate over Zanzibar in 1897 and continued until independence in 1963. In 1964, during the Zanzibar Revolution, a one-party government, which pursued a firm socialist command economy, was established. One of the most important measures of the new government was a radical land reform that nationalized the land of Arab landlords and redistributed the land to African small-holders. The curtailing and change of various agrarian laws and rules as well as dirigistic measures led to a steady decline in agricultural production, from 1984 onwards, more liberal policies were introduced and laws, in particular land laws, were reviewed. Subsequently important improvements — although not to the desired degree — were legislated. Particularly noteworthy in this respect are the new Land Tenure Act and the Registered Land Act, which have enabled some land transfer-rights (registration, sale, charge, lease). Although the new laws stipulate that land ownership remains vested in the state, important prerequisites have been created that may lead to increased and more sustainable agricultural production. The introduction of a multi-party system in 1992 and a multi-party election in 1995 provides hope that further improvements in the agrarian constitution of Zanzibar will receive the necessary political support to improve the socio-economic frame conditions for agriculture and life in the rural areas.
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    Effectiveness of agricultural credit on paddy productivity in Kilombero district, Tanzania
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2016) Mageka, Rose
    The study on which this dissertation is based was conducted to determine the effectiveness of agricultural credit on paddy productivity among smallholder farmers in Kilombero District, Morogoro Region. The study focused on the amount of credit provided to smallholder paddy farmers, improved agricultural inputs, and paddy productivity between credit receivers and non-credit receivers. It also assessed the impact of credit on paddy productivity. The data for this study were collected using a household questionnaire that was administered to a sample of 160 households, 80 of whom had received credit and 80 others who had not. MS Excel and Statistical Product and Services Solutions (SPSS) Version 20 were used to analyse the data. Multiple linear regression was used to establish the influence of credit and some other factors on paddy productivity. The average paddy yields for credit receiving farmers were higher (1641 kg/ha) compared to the yields of paddy from non-credit receivers (1288kg/ha). Credit receipt or otherwise influenced paddy yields negatively, but the influence was not significant (p > 0.05). Despite the non- statistically significant influence of access to credit on paddy yield, credit for paddy production is very important for smallholder farmers to alleviate capital constraints. This was said by focus group participants. Furthermore, the results indicated that labour had a positive influence on paddy productivity which was statistically significant (0 = 0.170, P < 0.05); and improved seeds significantly influenced paddy productivity (0 = 0.414, P < 0.05). Fertilizers also significantly influenced paddy productivity (0 = 0.206, P < 0.05). Based on the findings of this study, it is concluded that receiving credit and using it with the above significant factors appropriately increase paddy productivity in Kilombero District. On the basis of the conclusion, it is recommended that agriculture stakeholders should strive to ensure that credit support facilities and/or agencies support smallholder farmers effectively. Further credit conditions, particularly availability, accessibility, and timeliness should be observed to enhance fanners’ access to agricultural inputs timely.