Browsing by Author "Kitindi, Edvin J."
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Item Capabilities of smart antenna in tracking the desired signal in wireless communication system through non-blind adaptive algorithms(nternational Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 2015-02) Kitindi, Edvin J.Future wireless systems will require higher data rates with better coverage for a wide variety of users operating with a large variety of different systems. To achieve these goals, greater power, interference suppression, and multipath mitigation are needed. Smart antenna gives a promising future for wireless communication systems since it can improve the capacity, extend coverage and provide better quality services by tracking users, switching beams accordingly. In this paper three non-blind adaptive beamforming algorithms, least mean square (LMS), Recursive Least square (RLS) and Sample matrix inversion (SMI) have been studied. Investigation of their performances in tracking a desired user has been made and compared. All the three algorithms direct their beams towards a desired user and place nulls towards interferer. However the rate of their performance differs from each other.Item Economical and sustainable power solution for remote cellular network sites through renewable energy(IEEE, 2017) Kabir, Asif; Kitindi, Edvin J.; Jaffri, Zain ul Abidin; Rehman, Gohar; Ubaid, Faisal Bin; Iqbal, M. ShahidMobile network operators (MNOs) are always striving to enhance the network coverage and for provision of services to remote rural areas. However, power supply to the infrastructures is a main challenge to the MNOs especially in terms of sustainability, economic optimum and green energy in developing countries like Pakistan for the growth of cellular networks. Renewable energy (RE) based solutions for cellular operators not only provide numerous profits but it also reduces the overall CO2 emissions. This paper presents the idea of the PV-Solar system along with grid power to provide economic and environmental friendly energy model for the remote base station and community. Feasibility of the proposed system is checked via HOMER software. Analysis and simulation results shows that the proposed model is optimal and energy efficient solution for next-generation cellular network (5G) in context with different scenarios.Item Exploring students’ skills and attitudes on effective use of ICTs: case study of selected Tanzanian public secondary schools(Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2015) Barakabitze, Alcardo Alex; Kitindi, Edvin J.; Sanga, Camilius; Kibirige, George; Makwinya, NoelThis study was conducted purposely following various initiatives and programmes by the Government of Tanzania to incorporate ICT in education since 2007 with the National ICT policy theme “ICT for improved education”. The study provides insights regarding secondary school students’ skills and attitudes in effective use of information and communication technology. The study was a co-relational and cross-sectional survey biased to the quantitative approach involving students, ICT teachers and school administrators. A total of 246 students from six public secondary schools in Tanzania were involved in this study. Primary data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Using inferential and descriptive analyzes, results show that, secondary school students do not have enough skills on effective use of information and communication technologies. However, students have basic knowledge in different aspects of ICTs particularly Internet and various hardware and software available in Tanzania. The implications to the approach of teaching and learning of ICT subjects in secondary schools, its evaluation and assessment and future initiatives related to ICT educations and infrastructure development have impacts towards creating a well-connected society. It is therefore recommended that secondary schools should provide enough ICT tools for students’ hands-on experiences. The utmost end result of integrating ICT in secondary education system will eventually be the economic engine of Tanzania by preparing her students for the knowledge based economyItem Mobile phone based payment authentication system: an intervention for customers’ bank account fraud in Tanzania(International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Research, 2014) Kitindi, Edvin J.; Alex, Alcardo; Sanga, Camilius; Shabani, Ayubu; Kibirige, George; Phillip, Joseph; Oketchi, JuliusThrough the rapid development of ICTs in Tanzania, banking industry has experienced rapid change in the ways of service delivery to their customers. The society has experienced a rapid development in communication sector particularly on the use of mobile phones for banking. The commercial banks in Tanzania have also revolved their ways of operating and serving their customers. The central bank of Tanzania (BoT) is responsible in defining all the payment systems in Tanzania and control all the transaction being done by the commercial banks operating in the land of Tanzania. Currently, Tanzania has many payment instruments as defined by the BoT which divided into two main group Cash and Non-Cash payments instruments. The latter includes: payment orders, bills of exchange, promissory notes, cheques and the electronic payment systems. In this paper, the security threats of these payment instruments have been discussed in detail. Some reported cases where organizations have been fleeced of their financial resources through dubious activities in Tanzania have been reviewed to verify the existing of the problem in discussion. In this paper, a Mobile phone based payment authentication system model to reduce the threats associated with non-cash payment implemented in Tanzania is proposed. Using this model, account holders are required to provide a final authentication of transaction through their registered mobile phone. This method if adopted will take care for any non-cash payment instruments. Also, some of the threats being discussed in this paper can be addressed by the proposed model.Item Resources allocation and sharing in wireless virtual networks(IJARCCE, 2021) Kitindi, Edvin J.; Mahenge, Michael P. J.The rapid growth of the mobile devices and its services being experienced in a recent years brought both challenges and opportunities in the wireless network systems. The scarcity of the resources, high capital and operational costs are among the challenges facing the provision of the growing mobile services. The development of wireless network virtualization brought hope for the future networks to fulfil the users’ demands. It allows different service providers to share the same physical infrastructure which in return, reduces both capital expenses (CAPEX) and operational expenses (OPEX). In this paper, the framework for wireless network virtualization is proposed. Also, the detailed description of the model based on the software define network (SDN) architecture is presented. On top of that we have proposed a load based resources sharing approach among the virtual networks (VNs). Our proposed approach has shown that, through sharing the excess resources, the VNs can significantly minimize unnecessary cost and utilize the available resources effectively.Item The role of caching in next generation cellular networks: A survey and research outlook(Wiley, 2019) Kabir, Asif; Rehman, Gohar; Gilani, Syed Mushhad; Kitindi, Edvin J.; affri, Zain Ul Abidin J; Abbasi, KhurrumMustafaMobile applications and social networks tend to enhance the needs for high-quality content access. To address the expeditious growing demand for data services in 5G cellular networks, it is important to develop distribution techniques and an efficient content caching, aiming to significantly reduce redundant data transmission and, thus, improve the efficiency of the networks. In modern communication systems, caching has emerged as a vital tool for reducing peak data rates. It is anticipated that energy harvesting and self-powered small base stations are the fundamental part of next-generation cellular networks. However, uncertainties in energy are the main reason to adopt energy efficient power control schemes to reduce SBS energy consumption and ensure the quality of services for users. Using the edge cooperative caching such as energy efficient design can also be achievable, which reduces the usage of the capacity limited SBSs backhaul and the energy consumption. To support the huge power demand of cellular network, renewable energy harvesting technologies can be leveraged. In addition to this, power supply to the infrastructures is themain challenge to the mobile network operators (MNOs) especially in terms of economic optimum, sustainability, and green energy in developing countries for the growth of cellular networks. Renewable energy–based solutions for MNOs not only reduce the overall carbon dioxide emissions but also provide numerous profits.Item Techno-economic and environmental analysis for off-grid mobile base stations electrification with hybrid power system in Tanzania(IJARCCE, 2021) Kitindi, Edvin J.Base stations (BSs) are essential in cellular networks. Lack of access to reliable electricity in mobile communication systems is a major economic and environmental concern for service delivery in Tanzania. Mobile network operators (MNOs) use diesel generators (DG) to power their BSs which are costly and high greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. In this paper, we investigate challenges hindering the use of renewable energy (RE) by MNOs. We provide a techno-economic analysis for using a hybrid power system (HPS) comprising of DG and RE. In technoeconomic analysis, we considered solar, wind, battery, and DG in different configurations. The systems were simulated in HOMER to get the optimized model suitable for the BS sites. Results show that the solar/DG/Battery and the solar/wind/DG/Battery provide optimal solution susceptible to satisfy the needs. Although HPS suffers from the high initial cost, the results are satisfactory. The analysis indicates a reduction of net present cost (NPC) by 54%, cost of energy (COE) by more than 50%, and the GHG emissions for about 88%.Item User aware edge caching in 5G wireless networks(IJCSNS, 2018) Kabir, Asif; Iqbal, M.Shahid; Jaffri, Zain ul Abidin; Rathore, Shoujat Ali; Kitindi, Edvin J.; Rehman, GoharWireless technology has become an ultimate weapon in today’s world. Caching has emerged as a vital tool in modern communication systems for reducing peak data rates by allowing popular files to be pre-fetched and then stored at the edge of the network. Caching at small cell base stations has recently been proposed to avoid bottlenecks in the limited capacity backhaul connection link to the core network. For predicting the popularity of the content, we need to analyze the behavior of the user, understanding collectively the behavior beneficial for content trend forecasting and improve network performance. The proposed model predicts the intensity of human emotions through social media (Twitter) and the classifier evaluates the features which are related to user behaviors and, finally, values of features are pushed to the user profile. We further demonstrate how emotions extracted from Twitter can be utilized to improve the forecasting, describing things in a new way which can further be exploited as an optimization basis for network performance enhancement.Item Wireless network virtualization with SDN and C-RAN for 5G networks: requirements, opportunities, and challenges(IEEE, 2017) Kitindi, Edvin J.; Fu, Shu; Jia, Yunjian; Kabir, Asif; Wang, YingWireless network virtualization (WNV) has drawn attention from the researchers ranging from academia to industry as one of the signi cant technologies in the cellular network communication. It is considered as a pioneer to achieve effective resource utilization with decreased operating expenses and capital expenses by decoupling the networks functionalities of coexisting virtual networks. It facilitates fast deployment of new services and novel technologies.WNVparadigm is in the early stages, and there is a large room for the research community to develop new architectures, systems, and applications. The availability of software-de ned networking (SDN) and cloud/centralized radio access network (C-RAN) steers up the hope for the WNV realization. This paper surveys WNV along with the recent developments in SDN and C-RAN technologies. Based on these technologies and WNV concepts, we identify the requirements and opportunities of future cellular networks. We then propose a general architectural framework for the WNV based on SDN. In-depth discussion of challenges and research issues as well as promising approaches for future networks communication improvements are also proposed. Finally, we give several promising candidates of future network services for residential customers and business customers.