Detection and antibiotic susceptibility of vibrio cholerae In oreochromis tanganicae (Tilapia) and water in Lake Tanganyika, Kigoma-Tanzania
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Date
2019
Authors
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 are responsible for the production of cholera
toxin and subsequently cause cholera. Although cholera has been very rampant around
African great lakes, little is known about the status of V. cholerae in aquatic reservoirs
like fish. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of toxigenic and drug resistant V.
cholerae in Tanganyika Tilapia (Oreochromis tanganicae) and water from Lake
Tanganyika in Tanzania. Repeated cross-sectional study design that involved 140
Tilapia fish samples and 60 water samples was carried out in Lake Tanganyika during
dry and rain seasons. Bacterial analyses culture and biochemical tests were used for
identification of V. cholera. Positive isolates were confirmed by PCR of the ompW and
ctxA genes then serotyped with polyvalent O1 antiserum. Antimicrobial susceptibility
patterns of V. cholerae O1 (n = 65) were performed using disk diffusion method. Results
of the study revealed a prevalence of V. cholerae at 27.9% (n = 39/140) in Tanganyika
tilapia and 33.3% (n = 20/60) in water samples. The proportions of toxigenic V.cholerae
in Tanganyika Tilapia and water were 11.4% (n = 16/140) and 20% (n = 20/60)
respectively. Prevalence of toxigenic V. cholerae in fish gills and intestines were 5.7%
(n = 16/280) and 0.4% (n = 1/280) respectively. Vibrio cholerae were susceptible to
Gentamicin (100%), Ciprofloxacin (100%), Cefotaxime (100%), Ceftazidime (73.8%),
Chloramphenicol (63.1%), Tetracycline (53.8%) and Naliadixic acid (47.7%).
Resistance in V. cholerae was observed for Streptomycin (100%), Amoxicillin (95.4%),
Ampicillin (81.5%), Sulphamethaxole (80%) and Trimethoprim (72.3%). This study
revealed that Tanganyika Tilapia and water in Lake Tanganyika harbor toxigenic,
antibiotic resistant V. cholerae of the epidemic potentials, with high incidences in wet
season. Raising awareness on public health practices (hygiene/sanitation) and rational
use of antimicrobial agents to safeguard public health from cholera outbreaks are
recommended.
Description
MSc. (Molecular Biology and Biotechnology)
Keywords
Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, Antibiotic susceptibility, Tanganicae (Tilapia), Lake Tanganyika, Kigoma, Tanzania