Screening coalmon bean [Phaseolus vulgaris l. savi] genotypes adapted to low soil phosphorus
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Date
2006
Authors
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Two screen house pot experiments were conducted to identify bean genotypes, diverse in
their places of origin and seed size, based on vegetative growth and P uptake and final
grain yield for adaptation to low phosphorus. Three phosphorus levels; low P (0 added P),
medium P (40 mg P/kg soil) and high P (160 mg P/kg soil) were main plots whereas 27
genotypes were subplots, in a split-plot laid out in a completely randomised design. The
test soil was very fine, kaolinitic Kanhaplic I-Iaplustult. Out of 27, seven bean genotypes
were further evaluated for yield components and final grain yield at low P in the same soil.
Shoot biomass, root biomass, shoot P concentration and P uptake increased with increased
P supply and genotypic variability in these parameters was significant (P < 0.05).
Genotypes G92, PRETO 143, MILENIO, VEF 88(40), BAT 477, A785, ANT 22, DOR
714 and AFR 708 performed better than other genotypes at low P level; also their response
to P addition was significant. It was revealed that P was a major limiting factor to bean
growth in the soil used for the experiment. Number of pods/plant increased significantly
with increase in P levels and was correlated with grain yield at low P and adequate P. P
treatments did not affect the seed size of genotypes. Genotypes BAT 477, MILENIO, DOR
714 and A785 had significantly higher grain yield than other genotypes at low P and may
be favoured in the selection process. Although genotypes produced some grain yield at low
P, soil fertility improvement by applying medium P or appreciable amounts of organic
manure may improve yields and increase productivity per unit area.
Description
Dissertation
Keywords
Screening common bean, Bean genotypes, Soil phosphorus, Soil fertility, Bean growth, Grain yield