In-vitro assessment of antibacterial effects of combined crude extracts of s. glaucescens and c. swynnertonii with antibiotics
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Academic Journals
Abstract
Currently, there is an upsurge of bacterial resistance in single-drug treatment regimens. This has
stimulated a growing interest in research and development of new antibacterial agents containing
several ingredients as one of the means to combat bacterial resistance. Herb-antibiotic combination
therapy is one of the reported effective treatment regimens to combat antimicrobial resistance. This
study was aimed to assess antibacterial effects of combined crude extracts of Synadenium
glaucescens and Commiphora swynnertonii with antibiotics. In this study, three standard antibiotic
drugs namely, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin and erythromycin in combination with crude extracts from S.
glaucescens and C. swynnertonii were screened for antibacterial effects against two Gram-positive
bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis and three Gram-negative bacteria
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Broth microdilution technique
was used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) while Fractional Inhibitory
Concentration (FIC) indices were calculated from MIC values of combined extracts to determine the
combination effects. Synergism was observed when ciprofloxacin was combined with all tested crude
extracts against E. coli (ΣFIC of 0.02), combination of ciprofloxacin with extract from root barks of C.
swynnertonii (ΣFIC of 0.5) against S. aureus, root barks of Synadenium glaucescens (ΣFIC of 0.1)
against S. aureus and combination of ampicillin with all tested crude extracts (ΣFIC of 0.03-0.1)
against E. faecalis. Moreover, antagonism was observed between the combinations of ampicillin and
erythromycin with all tested crude extracts against Gram-negative bacteria (ΣFIC of 4-8). Therefore, the
combinations which demonstrated synergism may be promising alternatives for the treatment of
infectious diseases caused by E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis. However, in the future, toxicity studies
for combinations which demonstrated synergism are recommended.
Description
Journal Article
Keywords
Antibacterial activity, Antibiotic, Crude extracts, Herbs, Synergism