Epifriedelanol is the key Compound to antibacterial Effects of extracts of synadenium glaucescens (pax) against Medically important bacteria
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Frontiers
Abstract
Introduction: Synadenium glaucescens has been used for the treatment of
bacterial infections in many parts of the world. We investigated the antibacterial
and cytotoxicity activities of secondary metabolites of this plant.
Methods: Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water were used as extraction
solvents. The extract of the root bark was fractionated with ethyl acetate and
methanol. The isolation of compounds from root barks, leaves and stem wood
extracts were carried out using column chromatography. Antibacterial activities
were characterized based on growth curves, killing curves and MIC
determinations. Haemolytic effect towards sheep red blood cells (RBCs) was
analysed with spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 540nm.
Results and Discussion: Extracts from whole root and root bark showed strong
activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococci and Enterococci species,
and moderate to weak activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella species, Shigella sonnei and Yersinia
enterocolitica. Staphylococcus aureus was the most susceptible, and E. coli and
Klebsiella pneumonia were the least susceptible ones. Likewise, extracts, fractions,
sub-fractions and epifriedelanol demonstrated bacteriostatic activity against S.
aureus. The haemolytic activity of the extracts, fractions, sub-fractions and
epifriedelanol was significantly low compared to the positive control, hydrogen
peroxide. But extract from leaves showed high haemolytic effects at the concentrations of 500 mg/mL and 1000 mg/mL. Thus, extracts of S. glaucescens
have antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive bacteria including
Methicillin Resistant S. aureus with low haemolytic activity. At high
concentrations, the extracts from leaves have toxicity risk. More studies for the
active compounds are required for biological testing.
Description
Journal Article
Keywords
Medicinal plants, Bacteriostatic activity, Haemolytic activity, Infectious diseases, Extracts