Bacteriostatic and haemolytic activities of extracts and compounds of commiphora swynnertonii
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy
Abstract
Background and objective: Commiphora swynnertonii (Pax) is used in traditional medicine to treat
infectious diseases. Previous studies have reported antimicrobial activity of this plant; however, the
activity of compounds that are present in extracts of this plant has not been thoroughly documented.
Likewise, the primary mode of action (bactericidal or bacteriostatic) and the possible toxicity on red
blood cells have not been reported. Methods: Extracts of leaves, whole root, root bark, root wood,
whole stem, stem bark and stem wood, were produced using hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and
water. Cold and hot extraction methods were employed. Antibacterial activity of extracts was tested
against selected medically important Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by growth inhibition,
minimum inhibitory concentrations and time kill assays. Moreover, haemolytic activity against sheep
red blood cells was determined in vitro. Results: The hexane extracts of whole root and root bark,
methanol extracts of root wood, and dichloromethane extracts from the leaves of C. swynnertonii
inhibited the growth of S. aureus. MIC values for the extracts and compounds, indicated moderate
activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci species and Enterococci
species) while the activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella species, Shigella sonnei and Yersinia enterocolitica) was weak.
Time kill profiles showed the extracts have bacteriostatic activity against S. aureus, and low
haemolytic effect, except for extracts of whole root and leaves at the concentration of 1000 μg/mL.
Conclusion: Extracts of C. swynnertonii showed bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive bacteria
with low toxicity on red blood cells.
Description
Journal Article
Keywords
Antibacterial, Commiphora swynnertonii, Medicinal plant, Red blood cells
Citation
Msengwa Z, Credo D, Mafuru M, Mwesongo J, Mabiki FP, Mwang’onde BJ, Mtambo MM, Kusiluka LJ, Mdegela RH, Olsen JE. Bacteriostatic and haemolytic activities of extracts and compounds of Commiphora swynnertonii. Res J Pharmacogn. 2023; 10(2): 47–56.