Sokoine University of Agriculture

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in breast milk and associated health risks to nursing infants in Northern Tanzania

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dc.contributor.author Müller, M. B.
dc.contributor.author Polder, A.
dc.contributor.author Brynildsrud, O. B.
dc.contributor.author Lie, E.
dc.contributor.author Løken, K. B.
dc.contributor.author Manyilizu, W. B.
dc.contributor.author Mdegela, R. H.
dc.contributor.author Mokiti, F.
dc.contributor.author Murtadha, M.
dc.contributor.author Nonga, H. E.
dc.contributor.author Skaare, J. U.
dc.contributor.author Lyche, J. L.
dc.date.accessioned 2018-07-18T06:28:24Z
dc.date.available 2018-07-18T06:28:24Z
dc.date.issued 2015-12-23
dc.identifier.uri https://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/2543
dc.description.abstract Themain aim of this studywas to assess brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in breastmilk in the Northern parts of Tanzania. Ninety-five colostrum samples from healthy, primiparous mothers at Mount Meru Regional Referral Hospital (MMRRH), Arusha Tanzania, were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), hexabromobenzene (HBB), (2,3-dibromopropyl) (2,4,6-tribromophenyl) ether (DPTE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB) and 2,3,4,5,6- pentabromotoluene (PBT). The Ʃ7PBDE (BDE 28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183) ranged from below level of detection (bLOD) to 785 ng/g lipid weight (lw). BDE 47, 99, 100 and 153 were the dominating congeners, suggesting recent and ongoing exposure to banned, commercial PentaBDE mixture. Amultiple linear regressionmodel revealed that mothers eating clay soil/Pemba during pregnancy had significantly higher levels of BDE 47, 99, 100 and 153 in their breast milk than mothers who did not eat clay soil/Pemba. Infant birth weight and birth length were significantly correlated with the levels of BDE 47, 99, 100 and 153. The estimated daily intake (ng/kg body weight/day) of BDE 47 and 99 exceeded the US EPA Reference doses (RfD) in four and eight mothers, respectively, suggesting a potential health risk to the nursing infants. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship Research Council of Norway (NFR nr: 204051) en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Elsevier en_US
dc.subject Brominated flame retardants en_US
dc.subject Infant growth en_US
dc.subject Pemba en_US
dc.subject Estimated daily intake en_US
dc.subject Human breast milk en_US
dc.subject Tanzania en_US
dc.title Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in breast milk and associated health risks to nursing infants in Northern Tanzania en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26826361 en_US


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