Department of Policy Planning and Management

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Browsing Department of Policy Planning and Management by Subject "Adaptation"

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    Influence of social capital on adaptation to climate variability and vulnerability in farming households in Chamwino district, Tanzania
    (Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2022) Tumaini, A.T; Urassa, J.K; Moshi, J.A
    Adaptation to climate variability results from an interplay of livelihood capitals. These capitals (social, financial, physical, human and natural) prevail within climatic and non-climatic conditions. Vulnerability to climate variability intensifies when people are socially disadvantaged. The study assessed the influence of social capital on farming households’ adaptation to climate variability and vulnerability using two villages in Chamwino District, Dodoma Region. A cross-sectional research design was employed, whereby data was collected from 160 randomly selected households using a questionnaire. In addition, data was collected from 32 focus group participants and 5 key informants. Findings show that a farmer's adaptation strategy can influence the accumulation or depletion of capital to adapt to climate variability. In addition, poor farming households (23.12%) have limited livelihood capitals thus, creating adaptation failure and reliance on less paid agricultural adaptation-based contracts to adapt to climate variability. A chi-square test results show no association between poor households’ adaptation strategies and their income (p>0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that adaptation is not one size fits all; availability of livelihood capital within the household defines the context of adaptation. Therefore, it is recommended that to absorb the vulnerability in adaptation to climate variability, there should be an active and sustained engagement of public and private stakeholders with the local community in prioritizing the adaptation needs of all socio-economic groups to enable them adapt to climate variability.
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    Influence of social capital on adaptation to climate variability and vulnerability in farming households in Chamwino district, Tanzania
    (Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2022) Tumaini, A. T.; Urassa, J. K.; Moshi, J. A.
    Adaptation to climate variability results from an interplay of livelihood capitals. These capitals (social, financial, physical, human and natural) prevail within climatic and non-climatic conditions. Vulnerability to climate variability intensifies when people are socially disadvantaged. The study assessed the influence of social capital on farming households’ adaptation to climate variability and vulnerability using two villages in Chamwino District, Dodoma Region. A cross-sectional research design was employed, whereby data was collected from 160 randomly selected households using a questionnaire. In addition, data was collected from 32 focus group participants and 5 key informants. Findings show that a farmer's adaptation strategy can influence the accumulation or depletion of capital to adapt to climate variability. In addition, poor farming households (23.12%) have limited livelihood capitals thus, creating adaptation failure and reliance on less paid agricultural adaptation-based contracts to adapt to climate variability. A chi-square test results show no association between poor households’ adaptation strategies and their income (p>0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that adaptation is not one size fits all; availability of livelihood capital within the household defines the context of adaptation. Therefore, it is recommended that to absorb the vulnerability in adaptation to climate variability, there should be an active and sustained engagement of public and private stakeholders with the local community in prioritizing the adaptation needs of all socio-economic groups to enable them adapt to climate variability.
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    Socio-economic determinants of farmers’ adaptations to climate change variability in Meatu and Iramba districts, Tanzania
    (International Journal of Applied Research, 2019) Nyangas, James A; Chingonikaya, Emmanuel E; Urassa, Justin K
    The capacity of farmers to adapt to climate shocks and stresses is a critical part of sustainable development. Generally, farmers’ adaptation to climate change variability exploits beneficial opportunities to reduce its vulnerability and minimize the risk associated with the impacts of climate change variability. As such, the aim of this study was to determine the socio-economic determinants of farmers’ adaptation to climate change variability in Meatu and Iramba Districts, Tanzania. Specifically, the study was intended to determine farmers’ adaptation to climate change variability in the study area, to compare households’ adaptations for the two districts and to determine socio-economic factors influencing farmers’ adaptation to climate change variability. A cross sectional research design was used for the study, whereby data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to 183 farmers and focus group discussions. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis of data. Results showed that majority of farmers’ households had very low adaptation to climate change variability. Moreover, it was found that there was a significant difference on levels of farmers’ adaptation between the districts (χ²=77.522, df = 3, p<0.0001), in which farmers from Meatu district had very low adaptation compared to those from Iramba district. It was also found that farmers’ adaptation was significantly determined by sex, type of farming practiced by household’s head, distance from home to the farm, distance from home to the market, distance to the sources of water and possession of entrepreneurial skills. The study concludes that farmers’ adaptation to climate change variability mainly depends on the sex of head of household, distance from home to the farm, distance from home to market, distance to the source of water and possession of entrepreneurial skills. The study recommends increasing households’ adaptation capacity to climate change variability through constructing sources of water and market near the villages; and empowering of farmers with knowledge and entrepreneurial skills which will enable them to create opportunities on non-farm activities.