Browsing by Author "Vitta,Masanche Rajab"

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    Evaluation of rice (oryza sativa £.) genotypes for adaptability to heat stress under controlled conditions in Morogoro
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2014) Vitta,Masanche Rajab
    A study was conducted in the 2012/13 growing season, at Horticulture unit screen house and heat chamber at African Seed Health Centre in the Department of Crop Science and Production at Sokoine University of Agriculture. Morogoro. The aim of this study was to evaluate rice genotypes for adaptability to heat stress under controlled conditions in Morogoro, whereas, mutant rice genotypes originating from Kihogo red (Local variety), CG 14 (O.glaberrima), WAB 56-50 and WAB 56-104 {O. saliva) were evaluated. The results from screening of rice mutant lines which were subjected to heat stress at 45°C for different days of exposure showed variation in survival among genotypes tested. The survived rice seedlings were laid out as pot experiments in a completely randomized Design with three replications in the screen house. Data collected included plant survived from heat chamber, Days to 50% flowering, Tiller number per plant, panicle number per plant, plant height, panicle length, number of spikelets per plant, percentage sterility, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that there were significant differences among the genotypes for all traits studied. In this study the effects of temperature were observed in plant height, Days to 50% flowering, panicle length, number of sp汰elets per panicle, 1000 grain weight, in almost all mutants whereas, grain yield of WAB 45-104 and 56-50 mutants were affected significantly. Also the following traits were favored by high temperature; Percent sterility, number of panicles per plant, number of tillers per plant and grain yield per plant for Kihogo red and CG 14. The phenotypic screen revealed the following mutants lines to be heat tolerant; KR 37, CG-14-7, CG 14-13,CG 14-16, WAB 56-104-36, WAB 56-104-43, WAB 56-104-82, WAB 56-104-40, WAB 56-104-12, WAB 56-104-123, WAB 56-104-181, WAB 56-50-82 and WAB 56-50-132. Therefore these lines could be grown in the area where temperature exceeded the normal range for rice cultivation.