Browsing by Author "Philip, D."
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Item Determinants of technical efficiency among smallholder coffee farmers in Kigoma Region, Tanzania(2015-12) Andrew, R.; Philip, D.Collet' is one of the most important export •ommoditie.s' in Kigoma region. UnfOrtunately, production is still low and information on technical efficiene• has remained is scarce. This .sititly sets our to contribute towards efforts for improving coffee productivity to enhance the cash income of smallholder Arabica coffee farmers in Kigoma region, Tanzania. The present .study estimated the Technical Efficiency (TE) and inefficiency effects of inputs. The paper uses data collected from a sample of 122 farmers. Parameters of the generalized Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier model for the production .system were estimated by a single stage Maximum Likelihood (ML) method for the technical efficiency and technical inefficiency effects using the Frontier version 4.1 c, a computer program for Stochastic Frontier Production. The results show that inorganic fertilizers. agrochemicals and labour are kcv inputs. The mean Technical Efficiency index is 68'!;, indicating that farmers are technically inefficient, with a 32V'i, scope for increasing Technical Efficient (TE).The number of coffee trees and ti farmer's experience arc the main determinants of TE. The study recommends : farmers to increase application of productivity enhancing inputs. Moreover, there should be deliberate it/ICI-WI-Won on farm expansion, and training to engage youths in coffee production .since they tend to he more technically efficient thereby improving the production system's TEItem Gliricidia agroforestry technology adoption potential in selected dryland areas of Dodoma region, Tanzania(MDPI, 2020-07-20) Swamila, M.; Philip, D.; Akyoo, A. M.; Sieber, S.; Bekunda, M.; Kimaro, A. A.Declining soil fertility is one of the major problems facing producers of field crops in most dryland areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. In response to the declining soil fertility, extensive participatory research has been undertaken by the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) and smallholder farmers in Dodoma region, Tanzania. The research has, amongst others, led to the development of Gliricidia agroforestry technology. The positive impact of Gliricidia intercropping on crop yields has been established. However, information on farmers’ willingness and ability to adopt the Gliricidia agroforestry technology on their farms is limited. This study predicts the adoption of Gliricidia agroforestry and conventional mineral fertilizer use technology. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with groups of farmers, purposively selected based on five sets of criteria: (i) at least 2 years of experience in either trying or using Gliricidia agroforestry technology, (ii) at least 1 year of experience in either trying or using the mineral fertilizer technology (iii) at least 10 years of living in the study villages, (iv) the age of 18 years and above, and (v) sex. The Adoption and Diffusion Outcome Prediction Tool (ADOPT) was used to predict the peak adoption levels and the respective time in years. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the effect of change in adoption variables on predicted peak adoption levels and time to peak adoption. The results revealed variations in peak adoption levels with Gliricidia agroforestry technology exhibiting the highest peak of 67.6% in 12 years, and that the most influential variable to the peak adoption is the upfront cost of investing in Gliricidia agroforestry and fertilizer technologies. However, in Gliricidia agroforestry technology most production costs are incurred in the first year of project establishment but impact the long term biophysical and economic benefits. Moreover, farmers practicing agroforestry technology accrue environmental benefits, such as soil erosion control. Based on the results, it is plausible to argue that Gliricidia agroforestry technology has a high adoption potential and its adoption is influenced by investment costs. We recommend two actions to attract smallholder farmers investing in agroforestry technologies. First, enhancing farmers’ access to inputs at affordable prices. Second, raising farmers’ awareness of the long-term environmental benefits of Gliricidia agroforestry technology.Item The performance and determinants of rice export in Tanzania: a vector error correction analysis(Agricultural Economics Society of Tanzania, 2021) Luhwago, W.; Philip, D.; Kadigi, R.; Kangile, J.R.; Kazuzuru, B.; Hella, J.; Mgeni, C.P.The performance of rice export in Tanzania is inadequate despite the country being the leading rice producer in the East African Community (EAC) region. Extensive government interventions in the sector and existence of inward-looking trade policies such as Common External Tariff within EAC region were expected to increase rice exports especially intra-regional trade. The question is why the country is performing poorly in terms of rice exports despite all the efforts and the favourable environment for rice production. To answer this question, the present paper analyses the determinants of rice exports in Tanzania. Specifically, it focuses on examining the influence of price and non-price factors on rice export and assessing the competitiveness of Tanzanian exported rice. The paper uses secondary data collected from government institutions and other international data repositories. Vector Error Correction Model was used to capture the dynamics of rice export in Tanzania while the competitiveness of rice exported is assessed using Revealed Comparative Advantage Model. Results show that, international rice price, quantity produced and average GDP per capita of Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and Burundi are the key determinants for rice export performance in the country. Rice exported is found to be less competitive within EAC regional market. The paper recommends that the government should increase production to improve rice export performance and achieve competitiveness. This will help to meet the export demand of rice to the neighbouring countries and EAC region