Browsing by Author "Ndomba, O. A."

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Addressing pest and disease challenges in the national forest plantations: lessons learned from the national forest health forum
(Tanzania Forest Fund (TAFORI), 2018-10) Petro, R.; Ndomba, O. A.; Bakengesa, S.; Chamshama, S. A. O.; Chidege, M.
This paper presents the results of the work carried out by the National Forest Health Forum (NFHF), which covered five National Forest Plantations: Mbizi (Sumbawanga), Meru/Usa (Kilimanjaro), Meru (Arusha), Shume (Tanga) and Sao Hill (Iringa) for the period of five years (May, 2012 - July, 2017). The problems addressed are diseases caused by pathogens and those caused by inadequacies of various requirements from the soils. Many of the diseases have been soil-borne which gave rise to foliar symptoms, with Armillaria root rot being in the lead. Occasionally, the ravage by insect pests was encountered at Sao Hill and Meru Forest Plantations. These problems threaten the productivity of the plantations against the objective for the plantations of supporting the much needed industrialization process. To a large extent, these problems which were recorded in the visited plantations were noted to be accelerated by two phenomena namely; climate change and taungya. Therefore, this paper describes the problems addressed in the plantations; the steps adopted in addressing them, key findings and recommendations for achieving better plantations.
Role of potyviruses in synergistic interaction leading to maize lethal necrotic disease on maize
(International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2016) Mbega, E. R.; Ndakidemi, P. A.; Mamiro, D. P.; Mushongi, A. A.; Kitenge, K. M.; Ndomba, O. A.
Synergistic interactions among pathogenic viruses are common in plants. Though not all, but a number of reported cases involving such interactions have a potyvirus partner during co-infection. The presence of the potyvirus group seems to favor its own multiplication on host and multiplication of a co-infecting partner. In this review, some characteristics favoring higher pathogenesis have been discussed using maize lethal necrosis (MLN)- causing viruses namely Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and its synergistic potyvirus, Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). A comprehensive discussion on the role of potyvirus in the synergism has been presented to show that in MLN and similar synergisms - the machinery for induction, transmission and colonization of the host is catalysed by the potyvirus and not the co-infecting viral partner which otherwise seems to be the most virulent in the synergism-based diseases such as MLN disease in maize. Furthermore, the effect of MLN to food security and areas for future research for Africa has been discussed in this review.