Browsing by Author "Mtui, Hosea"

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Evaluation of post-harvest losses and shelf life of fresh mango (Mangifera indica L.) in Eastern zone of Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2019-12) Baltazari, Anna; Mtui, Hosea; Chove, Lucy; Msogoya, Theodosy; Kudra, Abdul; Tryphone, George; Samwel, Jaspa; Paliyath, Gopinadhan; Sullivan, Alan; Subramanian, Jayasankar; Mwatawala, Maulid
Post-harvest loss negatively impacts food security, nutrition and economic stability of farmers, exporters, traders and consumers. Experiments were conducted to assess the effects of post-harvest techniques on the shelf life of Apple and Palmer mango cultivars under different storage conditions. Post-harvest losses of these fruit along the supply chain were also evaluated. A two-factors factorial experiment with six replications was used for each culti- var. Post-harvest techniques included dipping of fruit in hexanal solution (0.02% v/v), calcium chloride solution (2% w/v), smoke treatments and untreated fruit. The fruit were then stored at two different storage conditions namely: ambient temperature (28 ± 2°C) and cold storage (18 ± 2 ° C). Shelf life data was analyzed by using R-software. Mean separation was done by using Tukey Honestly Significant Difference at (p ≤ 0.05). Results showed that the major sites of post-harvest losses were at harvest, transport, wholesale and retail stages of supply chain. Furthermore, post- harvest treatments of fruit with hexanal and calcium chloride significantly increased shelf life and reduced disease incidences compared to untreated control and smoke-treated fruit. Cold storage significantly increased shelf life of mango fruit compared to ambient storage. Therefore, hexanal, calcium chloride and cold storage are recommended to extend fruit shelf life, maintain fruit firmness and to reduce disease incidences in mango fruit.
Fungicidal effects of commiphora swynnertonii (burrt.) and synadenium Glaucescens (pax.) against tomato fusarium wilt disease
(Elservier, 2023) Madege, Richard R; Babu, Saidi; Mabiki, Faith P; Mtui, Hosea; Kudra, Abdul
Tomato fusarium wilt disease is an important soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici (FoL) worldwide. The disease causes yield losses of about 90% worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the extracts of C. swynnertonii (resins) and S. glaucescens (latex, fresh and dry leaves) for their efficacy against FoL. In the laboratory, a 4 × 4 factorial experiment in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) was carried out to evaluate resins, latex, fresh, and dry leaves each in four concentrations (0.01 g/ml, 0.05 g/ml, 0.1 g/ml and 0.15 g/ml). The negative and positive controls were Sterile Distilled Water (SDW) and a Linkmil 72 WP (Mancozeb 64% + Metalaxyl 8%) respectively. In a screenhouse, resins, latex, and fresh and dry leaves, each at 0.15 g/ml were applied on pre-inoculated tomato plants to manage TFW disease. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The negative and positive controls were the untreated soil and soil treated with Linkmil 72 WP respectively. The differences between extracts in the in- hibition of radial mycelial growth of the pathogen were highly significant (p = 0.000). The efficacy of the plant extracts against in vitro growth of FoL was significantly dependent on the application dose. The inhibition of mycelial growth caused by latex and dry leaves was higher than that of Linkmil 72 WP (23.58%) and SDW (0%) by 41% and 65% respectively. Findings show that there was a TFW disease reduction of 72.92% 68.75% and 56.25% in plants treated with dry leaves, the latex of S. glaucescens, and resin of C. swynnertonii in that order. Plant extracts had significant effects (p = 0.000) on plant growth. The plants treated with dried leaf powder attained the highest height, the number of branches/plant, leaves/plant, and leaf area of 85.85 cm, 19.25,99.5 and 59.39 respectively. The findings benchmark the fungicidal potential of C. swynnertonii and S. glaucescens.
Pre-sowing treatments to improve seed germination And seedling growth of commiphora swynnertonii (burrt.) and synadenium glaucescens (pax.)
(Academic Journals, 2023) Madege Richard, Raphael; Babu, Saidi; Mabiki, Faith Philemon; Mtui, Hosea; Kudra, Abdul
Medicinal and pesticidal plant propagation is hampered by poor seed germination due to seed dormancy. This study aimed to enhance seed germination and seedling growth using various pre- sowing treatments. A triplicated two-factor experiment in a Randomized Complete Block design was used. Soaking in water at 25°C for 24 h (T1), soaking in 60°C hot water for 10 min (T2), 10 ppm Potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) treatment for 24 h (T3), 20 ppm Potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) treatment for 24 h (T4), Treating seeds with Gibberellin (GA 3 ) solution at 250 ppm (T5), GA 3 Treating seeds with Gibberellin (GA 3 ) solution at 500 ppm for 72 (T6), Treating seeds with Gibberellin (GA 3 ) solution at 1000 ppm for 72 h (T7), and seeds without any pre-treatment were sown and used as control (T o ) on seed germination and seedling growth of two MPP species. The ability of a pre-sowing treatment to break seed dormancy was significantly dependent (p = 0.002) on the plant species. The effects due to interaction between pre- sowing seed treatment and plant species on seedling growth parameters (height, branches/shoot, leaves/shoot/, leaf area, fresh and dry weight) were significant (p < 0.05). These results provide the basis for the sustainable use of MPPs through propagation and conservation.