Browsing by Author "Matemu, Liberatus John Hamis"

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    Matemu, Liberatus John Hamis
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 1987) Matemu, Liberatus John Hamis
    ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted at the Sokoine University of Agriculture experimental Farm to study plant-water status and grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in relation to soil-water status.The treatments consisted of two soils, one having high water holding capacity (soil 1), the other with a low water holding capacity (soil 2); and two sorghum cultivars namely, Serena (improved) and Mbangala (local) under two moisture regimes of limited irrigation and rainfed conditions. Leaf water potential (kj'O and weighted soil-matric potential were measured to assess the water status for the plant and soils, respectively. Other observa-tions made were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area index (LAI), root length density, dry­ matter (DM) and grain yields as well as total water use efficiency (TWUE) and irrigation water use (IWUE).Plants growing in soil 1 showed higher than those in soil 2 throughout the measurement period.Mbangala maintained a higher than Serena with values of -5.42 and -7.51 bars respectively.plants had higher The irrigated than those under rainfed conditions.The weighted matric potential,soil 2 than in soil 1. The averages for the entire was lower in season were -0.29 and -0.38 bars for soils 1 and 2,respectively.The plots planted with Mbangala showed a lower l’pthan those with Serena their values being -0.34 and -0.33 bar^ , respectively.The weighted soil matric potential was lower under irrigated thanu.nc[er rainfed conditions.The differences under rainfed and irrigated conditions were larger in soil 1 than in soil 2.Soils did not show any significant difference in stem diameter at 56 days after planting (dap) despite the con­sistent trend observed whereby soil 1 produced plants with greater diameter than soil 2.significantly (P Serena. Mbangala showed 0.05) greater stem diameter than While stem diameter of Serena averaged 1.88cm, that of Mbangala was 2.10cm. Moisture regime had no effect on stem diameter. Soil 1 produced significantly (P ^_0.05) taller plants than soil 2.Plant height in soil 1 exceeded that in soil 2 by 24.5cm.Cultivar and moisture regimes as well as their interactions were non-significant..However, the interaction between soil X cultivar was highly significant (P ,0.01) .Both cultivars were taller (although not significantly so) in soil 1 than in soil 2. On the other hand, both cultivars showed consistently greater plant height under irrigated than rainfed conditions although the differences were non­ significant.Plants growing in soil 1 were observed to have a significantly (P.
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    Plant-water status and grain yield of sorghum (sorghum bico1or (l.) moench) in relation to soil water status at Morogoro, Tanzania.
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 1987) Matemu, Liberatus John Hamis
    ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted at the Sokoine University of Agriculture experimental Farm to study plant-water status and grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in relation to soil-water status.The treatments consisted of two soils, one having high water holding capacity (soil 1), the other with a low water holding capacity (soil 2); and two sorghum cultivars namely, Serena (improved) and Mbangala (local) under two moisture regimes of limited irrigation and rainfed conditions. Leaf water potential (kj'O and weighted soil-matric potential were measured to assess the water status for the plant and soils, respectively. Other observa-tions made were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area index (LAI), root length density, dry­ matter (DM) and grain yields as well as total water use efficiency (TWUE) and irrigation water use (IWUE).Plants growing in soil 1 showed higher than those in soil 2 throughout the measurement period.Mbangala maintained a higher than Serena with values of -5.42 and -7.51 bars respectively.plants had higher The irrigated than those under rainfed conditions.The weighted matric potential,soil 2 than in soil 1. The averages for the entire was lower in season were -0.29 and -0.38 bars for soils 1 and 2,respectively.The plots planted with Mbangala showed a lower l’pthan those with Serena their values being -0.34 and -0.33 bar^ , respectively.The weighted soil matric potential was lower under irrigated thanu.nc[er rainfed conditions.The differences under rainfed and irrigated conditions were larger in soil 1 than in soil 2.Soils did not show any significant difference in stem diameter at 56 days after planting (dap) despite the con­sistent trend observed whereby soil 1 produced plants with greater diameter than soil 2.significantly (P Serena. Mbangala showed 0.05) greater stem diameter than While stem diameter of Serena averaged 1.88cm, that of Mbangala was 2.10cm. Moisture regime had no effect on stem diameter. Soil 1 produced significantly (P ^_0.05) taller plants than soil 2.Plant height in soil 1 exceeded that in soil 2 by 24.5cm.Cultivar and moisture regimes as well as their interactions were non-significant..However, the interaction between soil X cultivar was highly significant (P ,0.01) .Both cultivars were taller (although not significantly so) in soil 1 than in soil 2. On the other hand, both cultivars showed consistently greater plant height under irrigated than rainfed conditions although the differences were non­ significant.Plants growing in soil 1 were observed to have a significantly (P.