Browsing by Author "Magubika, Aneth Japhet"

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Analysing rice (Oryza sativa L.) production trends area harvested, quantity and yield stability in Tanzania
(Discover Agriculture, 2025-04) Magubika, Aneth Japhet; Fukah, Francis Kloh; Nassary, Eliakira Kisetu; Tryphone, George Muhamba
This study examined the trends in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production and yield stability in Tanzania, with a focus on harvested area, total production, and yield per unit land area. We utilized data from FAOSTAT (https://w ww.fao.org/faostat/en/# home), focusing on the "Production Domains (Crop and Livestock Products)" for the "United Republic of Tanzania." Filters were applied for "Area harvested," "Yield," and "Production Quantity" under "Items (Crops, Primary)" for the period 2000–2022. Other data and information were obtained from literature and government official reports. Mixed statistical analyses (Univariate and Multivariate) were performed. The univariate was performed to assess harvested area, total production, and grain yield through descriptive statistics, while multivariate analysis examined relationships among these variables and yield stability using Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results revealed a significant increase in the area harvested, peaking at 481,000 hectares in 2020, compared to 250,000 hectares in 2000. Yield fluctuations were notable, with a significant decline in 2008 (− 729.29 kg ha−1) followed by a recovery in 2018 (791.28 kg ha−1). A strong positive correlation was confirmed between harvested area and production (0.00035791) and yield (0.0013233). PCA results demonstrated that the first three principal components accounted for 87% of the total variance. Statistical tests showed substantial yield differences between 2000 and 2010, reaching 720,690.1 kg ha− 1, with yield stability between 2021 and 2022 noted, resulting in a minor difference of 18,802.6 kg ha−1. The findings reveal that harvested area significantly affects rice production, but yield variability remains a challenge. While expanding cultivated areas has increased output, yield stability is a concern. This emphasizes the need for targeted strategies to optimize cultivation and enhance food security amid changing agricultural conditions.
Meta-analysis of legumes and groundnut production trends and variability in the global South
(Elservier, 2024) Fukah, Francis Kloh; Magubika, Aneth Japhet; Tryphone, George Muhamba; Nassary, Eliakira Kisetu
This study examined the production trends and variability of grain legumes in the Global South from 2000 to 2022, with a particular emphasis on groundnut yields and regional differences. From 2000 to 2022, global legume production in the Southern Hemisphere increased by approximately 20–30 %, driven by rising demand for plant-based proteins and expanded cropping areas in countries like Brazil and Argentina. Improved agri- cultural practices have further enhanced yields. In contrast, groundnut production experienced a more moderate growth of around 10–15 %, influenced by favourable conditions and expanded cultivation in regions such as Argentina and South Africa. While demand for groundnuts remains strong, market fluctuations and competition with other crops continue to shape its production dynamics. The analysis covered a range of legumes, including common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata), pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan), groundnuts/pea- nuts (Arachis hypogaea), soya beans (Glycine max), bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea), chickpeas (Cicer arietinum), lentils (Lens culinaris), mung beans (Vigna radiata), black gram (Vigna mungo), faba beans (Vicia faba), lablab beans (Lablab purpureus), tepary beans (Phaseolus acutifolius), African yam beans (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum), lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus), black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), adzuki beans (Vigna angularis), moth beans (Vigna aconitifolia), horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), broad beans (Vicia faba), winged beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). Regional data revealed significant differences in legume production. In Sub-Saharan Africa, cowpeas and groundnuts are vital, with cowpeas grown over 11.4 million hectares on average yielding 450 kg ha 1, and groundnuts covering 9.1 million hectares with an average yield of 1007 kg ha 1. Chickpeas and pigeon peas dominate South Asia’s production, whereas Latin America features prominent soya bean and groundnut cultivation. Oceania’s legume farming is less extensive, focusing on chickpeas and mung beans. Descriptive statistics revealed that Egypt led in groundnut production with an average yield of 3279.1 kg ha 1 and a low coefficient of variation (CV) of 4.89 %, indicating stable production. Conversely, Mozambique had the lowest average yield at 322.9 kg ha 1, with a high CV of 30.23 %, reflecting greater variability. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified five principal components explaining 70.9 % of the total variance, with the first two components (PC 1 and PC 2) accounting for 51 %. Bangladesh and Brazil were major contributors to PC 1, while Algeria and Senegal influenced PC 2. These findings highlight the considerable regional variability in yields and stability in legume production. Future research should address these disparities and enhance resilience through targeted agricultural practices and policy interventions.