Browsing by Author "Kusolwa, Paul"

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Identification of drought tolerant rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes with Asian and African Backgrounds
(MDPI, 2023) Ndikuryayo, Cyprien; Ndayiragije, Alexis; Kilasi, Newton Lwiyiso; Kusolwa, Paul
Drought is among the major abiotic stresses on rice production that can cause yield losses of up to 100% under severe drought conditions. Neither of the rice varieties currently grown in Burundi can withstand very low and irregular precipitation. This study identified genotypes that have putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with drought tolerance and determined their performance in the field. Two hundred and fifteen genotypes were grown in the field under both drought and irrigated conditions. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from rice leaves for further genotypic screening. The results revealed the presence of the QTLs qDTY12.1, qDTY3.1, qDTY2-2_1, and qDTY1.1 in 90%, 85%, 53%, and 22% of the evaluated genotypes, respectively. The results of the phenotypic evaluation showed a significant yield reduction due to drought stress. Yield components and other agronomic traits were also negatively affected by drought. Genotypes having high yield best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) with two or more major QTLs for drought tolerance, including IR 108044-B-B-B-3-B-B, IR 92522-45-3-1-4, and BRRI DHAN 55 are of great interest for breeding programs to improve the drought tolerance of lines or varieties with other preferred traits.
Response of late blight disease resistant-variety to common occurring tomato diseases in the field
(Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 2015) Meya, Akida I.; Mamiro, Delphina P.; Kusolwa, Paul
A study to determine field performance of tomato late blight disease resistant-variety was conducted during long rain seasons of the years 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 at the Crop Museum of Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. Treatments were laid out in a complete randomized block design with three replications. Three tomato varieties: Cal J, Meru and Tanya were planted. Significant differences in diseases incidence and severity were observed among tomato varieties whereby Cal J and Tanya were susceptible to tomato late blight and Septoria leaf spot while tomato variety Meru was resistant to the former two diseases. However, Meru was highly susceptible to tomato early blight disease than Cal J and Tanya. Results revealed that, the tested varieties were equally susceptible to Fusarium wilt and tomato yellow leaf curl diseases. The study suggests that less susceptible tomato variety Meru could be used to manage tomato late blight disease but susceptible to other diseases, therefore, a call to breed for multiple disease resistant varieties.