Browsing by Author "Irakoze, Laetitia"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Patterns and determinants of Cholera outbreaks in Imbo region of Burundi
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2020) Irakoze, Laetitia
    Cholera is an ancient disease but remains an important public health threat mainly in lowand- middle-income countries. The disease has been reported almost every year in Burundi. Understanding its spatial-temporal distribution and the determinants within the country contribute to early detection and quick response to contain the outbreaks. The objective of this study was to determine the patterns and factors responsible for cholera outbreaks in Imbo Region of western Burundi. Data were collected retrospectively from health districts and hospitals/dispensaries records. A structured questionnaire was administered to selected participants from affected community to get information on determinants of cholera outbreaks. The analysis was done by using R software, version 3.6.1. Temporal patterns were obtained by plotting cholera cases against time (months and weeks). Spatial patterns were established by tagging cholera cases to their locations for each year whereby Burundi provinces, communes, Collins shape files were entered in ArcGIS software, version 10.3. Frequency maps were generated, showing the spatial distribution of cholera disease in the study area. The findings indicate that most of the cholera outbreaks have occurred during dry seasons and were associated with a lack of potable water. The multivariate analysis showed that females were at risk of getting cholera than males (OR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.024 - 3.359) and source of water was a risk factor, whereby use of tap water was protective compared to use of surface water (OR=0.368, 95% CI: 0.168 - 0.740). In conclusion, most of the outbreaks in Imbo Region occur during the dry seasons when potable water is in shortage supply. Improving population access to the potable water distribution system and promoting sanitation and hygiene will likely reduce the occurrence and spread of cholera in the Region.