Browsing by Author "Eik, L. O."
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Item Carcass characteristics, physicochemical and sensory meat quality of norwegian lambs finish-fed on forage rape(Springer India, 2021) Mushi, D. E.; Eik, L. O.Effects of finishing Norwegian lambs of grazing forage rape on carcass and meat quality were studied. A total of 59 Norwegian short tail lambs (126 days old, 36.15 kg BWT) were randomly allotted to three groups. T1 group lambs grazed on grass pasture for three weeks before slaughter; T2 group grazed on grass and forage rape for two weeks and then withdrawn to grass only for one week. T3 group was maintained on grass and forage rape grazing for three weeks before slaughter. Carcasses from T2 lambs had lower (P \ 0.05) conformation scores than T1, which was comparable to T3. Meat from lambs grazed on forage rape had higher (P \ 0.05) content of n-3 PUFA but lower n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio than ones grazed on grass. Meat from T3 lambs had higher (P \ 0.05) sweet odour and cloy taste than T1 lambs. It is concluded that lighter Norwegian lambs after mountain grazing can be finished by feeding on forage rape for three weeks without the risk of producing unacceptable flavour.Item Effects of concentrate supplementation on the fatty acid composition of fat depots in crossbred goats(Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020) Mushi, D. E.; Eik, L. O.The effects of concentrate diet supplementation on the fatty acid compo- sitions of M. longissimus dorsi (LD), minced meat (MM) and omental fat (OF) in Small East African and Norwegian crossbred goats (9.5 months old, 17.1 kg live weight) were studied. Thirty-two castrated male goats were equally allotted into four levels of concentrate supplementation for 90 days: at 100% (T100), 66% (T66), 33% (T33) and 0% (T0) of ad libitum allowance. In LD and MM, proportions of linolenic acid and other n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased, whereas that of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) and total desirable fatty acids (DFA) increased with a higher level of supplementation. Concentrate supplementation had limited effect on the fatty acid composition of OF, marked by an increase in t-MUFA and CLA with a higher level of supplementation. Overall, concentrate supplementation beyond 66% of ad libitum feeding had limited effects on fatty acid composition, as depicted by the similarity between T66 and T100 goats in the proportions of oleic acid, CLA, total MUFA as well as n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in LD and MM. Irrespective of the level of supplementation, LD was associated with higher proportions of total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), MM with higher proportions of MUFA and OF with higher proportions of total saturated fatty acids (SFA). It is concluded that in order to optimise the healthfulness of goat meat, concentrate supplementation should be limited to 66% of ad libitum feeding. Consumers should be advised to refrain from high intake of internal fat depots due to the abundance of SFA and unfavourable n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios, a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.Item Empowering farmers? Collaborative research at Sokoine university of agriculture, Tanzania(Routledge Taylor and Francis Group., 2015) Mwaseba, D. L.; Kaarhus, R.; Johnsen, F. H.; Mattee, A. Z.; Mvena, Z. S. K.; Eik, L. O.This article presents experiences with collaborative and on-farm research based on the implementation of a four-year Programme for Agricultural and Natural Resources Transformation for Improved Livelihoods (PANTIL) at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in Morogoro, Tanzania. It outlines the basic elements in the implementation of a programme aimed to be demand-based, and discusses the challenges encountered in combining collaborative research with the empowerment of farmers. Finally, the article draws out some lessons with implications for the future organisation of collaborative and on-farm agricultural research.Item Empowering farmers? Collaborative research at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania(Development in Practice, 2015) Mwaseba, D. L.; Kaarhus, R.; Johnsen, F. H.; Mattee, A. Z.; Kayanda, Z. S.; Mvena, S. K.; Eik, L. O.This article presents experiences with collaborative and on-farm research based on the implementation of a four-year Programme for Agricultural and Natural Resources Transformation for Improved Livelihoods (PANTIL) at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in Morogoro, Tanzania. It outlines the basic elements in the implementation of a programme aimed to be demand-based, and discusses the challenges encountered in combining collaborative research with the empowerment of farmers. Finally, the article draws out some lessons with implications for the future organisation of collaborative and on-farm agricultural research. Cet article présente des expériences de recherches menées en collaboration et au sein même d’exploitations agricoles, basées sur la mise en oeuvre d’un programme de quatre ans, le Programme for Agricultural and Natural Resources Transformation for Improved Livelihoods (PANTIL - Programme pour la transformation des ressources agricoles et naturelles pour des moyens de subsistance améliorés) à la Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) de Morogoro, en Tanzanie. Il présente les éléments de base de la mise en oeuvre d’un programme visant à être fondé sur la demande et traite des défis rencontrés au moment de conjuguer les recherches collaboratives et l’autonomisation des agriculteurs. Enfin, cet article tire quelques enseignements ayant des implications pour l’organisation future de recherches agricoles menées en collaboration et au sein des exploitations. El presente artículo examina las experiencias surgidas de una investigación colaborativa realizada en parcelas agrícolas. La misma se basó en la implementación del Programa para la Transformación de la Agricultura y de los Recursos Naturales para el Mejoramiento de los Medios de Vida (PANTIL, por sus siglas en inglés), vinculado a la Universidad Sokoine de Agricultura de Morogoro, Tanzania, a lo largo de cuatro años. El artículo resume los elementos principales requeridos para impulsar un programa basado en la demanda, examinando los retos que debieron enfrentarse para combinar la investigación colaborativa y el empoderamiento de los productores. A manera de conclusión, el artículo esboza algunos de los aprendizajes obtenidos, los cuales tienen implicaciones para la organización de futuras investigaciones colaborativas que se realicen en parcelas agrícolas