Browsing by Author "Artuso-Ponte, V."

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Supplementation with quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids decreased salivary cortisol and salmonella shedding in pigs after transportation to the slaughterhouse
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2015) Artuso-Ponte, V.; Moeller, S.; Rajala-Schultz, P.; Medardus, J. J.; Munyalo, J.; Lim, K.; Gebreyes, W. A.
    The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of herbal extracts supplementation, particularly quaternary-benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids (QBA), which have been previously demonstrated to have anti- inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immune-modulator effects. We investigated the role of QBA on stress re- sponse and Salmonella shedding in finishing pigs transported to the slaughterhouse. A total of 82 pigs were orally challenged with a Salmonella cocktail (day 0) containing Salmonella Meleagridis, Hartford, Bo- vismorbificans and Newport serovars and randomly assigned to three treatment groups after 2 wks (day [D] 14): T1, in-feed QBA; T2, in-feed and water-soluble QBA; CON, nonsupplemented). Pigs were transported to the slaughterhouse 2 weeks after intervention (D 28) and slaughtered after nearly 19 h (D 29). Saliva, fecal samples, and carcass swabs were collected from all pigs. Salivary cortisol, Salmonella shedding, and carcass contami- nation were measured. A high positive correlation (Spearman rank correlation coefficient range 0.82–0.93) between salivary cortisol and Salmonella shedding was found after transportation in all groups ( p < 0.05). Only the CON group showed an increase in salivary cortisol after transportation (5.48 ng/mL; p < 0.0001) to con- centrations that were higher than in T1 (2.73 ng/mL; p = 0.0002) and T2 (1.88 ng/mL; p < 0.0001). Salmonella prevalence and shedding decreased after transportation in pigs receiving the QBA intervention ( p < 0.05), whereas the control group showed a significant increase in Salmonella shedding after transportation ( p = 0.04). At D 28, pigs in T2 shed lower numbers of Salmonella as compared to T1 (1.3E + 02 CFU/mL versus 8E + 03 CFU/mL; p = 0.002). Additionally, carcass contamination by Salmonella was higher in the CON group than the treated groups ( p = 0.01). The findings show QBA intervention was effective in reducing transportation stress of pigs, resulting in reduced Salmonella shedding and positively impacting animal welfare and pork safety.