Theses and Dissertations Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://10.10.97.169:4000/handle/123456789/2243

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Determinant of community participation in Agricultural projects in Tanzania : A case of Mali-Mbichi Mviwata supported project in Morogoro district
(SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, 2020) Kicheleri, Mennas Peter
The study’s main aim was to determine community participation in Mali-mbichi MVIWATA supported project in Morogoro District. The specific objectives of the study were to assess interventions done by MVIWATA in Mali-mbichi project, to assess community participation in Mali-mbichi project cycle and to determine factors affecting community participation in Mali-mbichi project. The study was conducted in two villages (Tandai and Kalundwa) in Kinole ward as the sole beneficiaries of the project. A crosssectional research design was adopted whereby data was collected using a questionnaire from 120 beneficiaries of Mali-mbichi project. Moreover, there were 13 FGDs participants and 5 Key informants. The analysis of quantitative data was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) while content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. It was found that Mali-mbichi members were well participated in interventions of the project. However, there were some factors affecting their participation such as lack of economic support, restrictions of husbands to wives, personal commitments, poor community leadership, conflict of interest, time consuming during implementation which led most of members not being able to participate fully during the project implementation. Moreover, inferential analysis indicated that all six identified factors have a significant statistical (P ≤ 0.05) with participation in the project. Among these six variables only five (lack of economic support, restrictions of husbands to wives, personal commitments, poor community leadership and time consuming) were found to contribute negatively to community participation in the project, and one variable (conflict of interest) was found to have positive influence. It is concluded that, in Mali-mbichi project there is good participation with poor impact on the result of participation. Therefore, it is recommended that MVIWATA and other NGOs should not only focus on participation but also consider the impact of their participation on whether members really benefit from participating in the project or not.
Actors' interaction and farmers participation agricultural projects: A case of RIPAT-SUA project in Morogoro Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2020) Ringo, Gasper Philemon
Studies on farmers’ interactions in agricultural projects have reported on the importance of the interaction of farmers with other actors on their participation in agricultural projects and subsequent adoption of agricultural technologies. However, there has been little interest on the influence of farmers’ interactions, alternative income generating opportunities and biophysical conditions of the farmers’ geographical locations, on farmers’ participation in agricultural projects. Guided by Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and the social exchange theory, the study sought to describe the patterns of interactions between farmers and other actors, determine the influence of interactions on farmers’ participation in agricultural projects and determine exogenous factors influencing farmers’ interactions. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design whereby data were collected through a questionnaire survey, focus group discussion, and key informant interview. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and inferentially while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The study findings showed that farmers’ interactions with other actors in agricultural projects increased with decrease in distance from the crop market. Diversity of crops/livestock produced and number of resources shared by the actors showed a statistically significant influence on farmers’ interactions. The findings showed further that participation of farmers in agricultural projects increased with increasing remoteness, and interactions influenced participation. With alternative income generating opportunities, the farmer may take up additional income generating activities limiting their participation in agricultural activities. Institutions, biophysical conditions and group leadership showed statistically significant influence on participation. The study findings corroborate the IAD framework that the action situation, that is, biophysical conditions (in this case proximity to the crop market), interactions and institutions, influence farmer’s decision to participate in agricultural projects. They also support the social exchange theory which postulates that cost and rewards (in this case resources shared) are important driving forces for farmers’ interactions. The study suggests that, rather than referring to it just as cost and rewards, it should be explicit in the social exchange theory that both material and social benefits are important when it comes to motivating factors for actors’ interactions. For increased farmers’ participation, it is recommended that government and non-governmental organizations embrace group approach and the RIPAT approach in designing and implementing agricultural development projects. Creation of avenues for agricultural stakeholders’ interactions, improvement of the feeder roads and construction of markets at strategic locations are also recommended. Lastly, agricultural interventions ought to be rewarding to farmers.
Assessment of household water services accessibility in Karatu district Tanzania a case of world vision dream village wash project
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2020) Mowo, Doreen Charles
The study aimed at assessing household water service accessibility in Karatu District Tanzania, a case of world vision dream village WASH project. Specifically, the study wanted to establish the level of access to water services before and after the dream village WASH project, to assess community involvement in dream village WASH project, and to determine household water users’ opinions on dream village WASH project. The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative research approaches, whereby a descriptive social survey research design was involved. Data were collected from 120 household water users from three villages (Mbuganyekundu, Jobaj, and Dumbechand) and 10 key informants. Questionnaire, interview, and FGDs were used in data collection. Inferential analysis was involved in establishing the relationship between independent (intervention, community involvement and water users’ opinions) and dependent variables (access to water services). Qualitative analysis involved content analysis. The findings show that before the project, people used to walk for more than 4 kilometres to find water and they used unprotected water sources, but after the project the level of access to water improved and the distance from households to the water points was reduced. The findings also indicate that the community was involved in stages of implementing the project and community had positive opinion on the project. The study also found the statistical significant level ((p≤0.05) between independent (intervention, community involvement and water users’ opinions) and dependent variable (access to water services).The study conclude that, there is improved level of access to water services, community involvement in water service project and household water users’ opinion in water services may influence accessibility of water services among the households.
Determinants of urban and peri-urban youth employment in agribusiness in Malawi
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2020) Mkandawire, Dingase Kanchu
Agribusiness has been recognized to provide employment opportunities for youth in Malawi. However, little is known on factors that drive urban and peri-urban youth into agribusiness employment. This study examined the determinants of urban and peri-urban youth employment in agribusiness in Malawi. A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Sample size was 9680 youth for quantitative data while a sample of 135 for qualitative data. Quantitative data was obtained from nationally representative Living Standards Measurement Surveys - Integrated Household Survey (LSMS- IHS) data for Malawi and Regression analysis was used with the aid of STATA 14.0. Qualitative data was generated from focus group discussions and key informant interviews and the data was analysed using thematic analysis. The study found that 44.5% of youth were employed in agribusiness with 35.7% of them working in farming. Furthermore, the study found that age, access to credit, extension services and livestock ownership positively and significantly influenced youth employment in agribusiness (p < 0.05). Whereas, marital status, education level, household size, dependency ratio, wealth, and distance to the market negatively and significantly influenced youth employment in agribusiness (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). However, in the multinomial logit factors that influence youth employment into specific agribusiness categories vary. Thematic analysis confirm that the above factors influence youth to be in agribusiness. Moreover, findings revealed that despite opportunities in agribusiness, youth face challenges such as lack of access to credit, extension services, limited agribusiness education (training), lack of improved agricultural inputs and lack of access to land and markets among other things. Furthermore, results from Ordinary Least Square (Multiple Linear) Regression found a negative significant relationship between being employed in farming and per capita consumption expenditure at p < 0.01. Whereas, there was a positive significant relationship between being employed in a mix of farming and non-agricultural business as well as being employed in off-farm agricultural activities with per capita consumption expenditure at p < 0.01. Generally, it can be concluded that youth employment in agribusiness is influenced more by push factors, which highlights the lack of government investment and support towards youth in agribusiness and the sector itself. The study recommends that implementation of policy pathways should be potentially geared towards improving access to credit, agricultural extension services, and education in agribusiness, improved agricultural inputs, land and markets among other things. This will promote youth employment in agribusiness and thus, improve well-being of youth.

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