Mosha Devotha Baltazary2026-07-112026-07-112026-07-02https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.9.2.5255https://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/20.500.14820/7748East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology, pp. 244-256Agriculture is central to Tanzania’s economy, and women contribute more than half of the agricultural labour force. Despite this contribution, persistent gender inequalities continue to constrain productivity, weaken food security, and limit inclusive economic growth. This study examines how patriarchal land tenure systems, unpaid care responsibilities, and insecure urban farming arrangements jointly restrict women’s participation in higher-value agricultural production. Drawing on a systematic literature review and a comparative analysis of rural and urban food-production systems, the study proposed an integrated GenderTransformative Approach (GTA) to address these barriers. The findings show that technical support alone is insufficient unless accompanied by structural reforms that strengthen women’s land rights, reduce time poverty through labour-saving and climate-smart technologies, and transform social norms that sustain unequal gender relations. The study therefore proposes a GenderTransformative Framework that links legal reform, institutional support, technological innovation, and community-level change. By addressing both rural exclusion and urban tenure insecurity, the framework offers a pathway to move women from subsistence production into commercial agricultural value chains and to advance gender equity in Tanzania’s food systems. It is recommended that development projects should integrate legal reform, market support, access to technology, and social change within a single framework rather than treating women’s productivity constraints as isolated problems.enAgricultureGender equityWomenProductionTransformationFood systems.Article