College of Veterinary and Medical Sciences

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Browsing College of Veterinary and Medical Sciences by Author "Acsa, Igizeneza"

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    Molecular investigation of foot-and-mouth disease during the 2021 outbreak in Mvomero District, Morogoro.
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2021) Acsa, Igizeneza
    Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious infection of cloven hoofed animals. The disease is caused by an RNA virus from the genus Aphthovirus in the Picornaviridae family. Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) affect mostly cattle at all stage of age and cause severe economic loss. In Tanzania FMDV has become endemic despite the efforts in its control. Outbreaks are still occurring and cause economic losses due to different reasons including vaccine failure. To avoid this crisis, vaccine matching can be done to ascertain a proper vaccine candidate that can create immunity in cattle against the circulating strains. To accomplish this, updated knowledge of the circulating FMDV strains in the country is required through regular epidemiological surveys and vaccine matching exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate FMDV serotype(s) responsible for the recent outbreak that occurred in Mvomero district, Tanzania. Seventeen (n=17) epithelial tissues were taken from feet and mouth of diseased cattle and transported aseptically to the Laboratory at Sokoine University of Agriculture for analysis. Detection, molecular typing and identification were done using One-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to establish the relationship to the existing FMDV sequences in GenBank. The findings indicated the morbidity and detection rates to be 27.5 % and 17.6% respectively. Further analysis revealed that the FMDV strain responsible for the outbreak was Serotype O, genotype EA-2 which clustered in the same clades with the isolates from Uganda (OUGA2009) and Kenya (O/KEN/150/2010) with accession numbers JN974311.1 and KF1352286.1 respectively. It is recommended that vaccines formulated using the characterised genotype need to be administered in cattle from that region. Continuous epidemiological studies and close follow up of the circulating strains is important so that the proper prophylactic doses can be administered before the outbreak occurs