Soil fertility status and response of rice to nitrogen, phosphorus and farmyard manure under rainwater harvesting systems in semi arid areas of Maswa, Tanzania.
| dc.contributor.author | Kajiru, Geophrey Jasper | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-10-24T06:44:28Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-10-24T06:44:28Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
| dc.description | PhD Thesis | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | In semi arid areas of Tanzania, rainfed lowland rice production is constrained by inadequate plant nutrients and soil moisture thus restricting plant growth culminating into very low yields. With the adoption of appropriate rainwater harvesting (RWH) technologies the soil moisture stress is significantly alleviated. A study was conducted on the Ndala River Catchment comprised of Isulilo, Njiapanda and Bukangilija villages in Maswa district Tanzania.The objectives were to evaluate the fertility status of the soils and their suitability for rice production and the response of rice (Oryza saliva L. var. Supa India) to farmyard manure (F), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and F-P-N applications over three cropping seasons (2002/03 to 2004/05) at Bukangilija village. The fertility status of the soils and their suitability for rice production were evaluated based on the local and technical indicators of soil fertility and land quality. Nitrogen was applied at the rate of 0, 50 and 100 kg N ha'1 as urea, phosphorus at 0, 30 and 60 kg P ha'1 as TSP and farmyard manure (kraal manure) at 0, 3.5 and 7 t ha'1. The P and F rates were accordingly broadcasted and incorporated into the surface soils one week before rice sowing and N was applied at two equal splits, at tillering and panicle initiation stages. Sowing was done between December and early January based on the long term seasonal rainfall distributions. Based on local and technical indicators of soil fertility, the soils on the catchment were of low fertility status and moderately suitable for rice production under RWH. The major limitations included low total nitrogen and organic matter contents, available zinc, soil moisture retention and high exchangeable Ca: Mg and Ca: Mg: K ratios and high ESP. The F, P and N and F-P-N combinations significantly increasedIll tillering, dry matter and grain yields and N, P and K contents in the rice plants and the main effect increases were in the order N>F>P. The ranges in the number of tillers per hill, dry matter yields, grain yields, N, P and K contents in the rice plants between the control and the highest F-P-N combinations were 10.6, 3522 kg ha’1, 1342 kg ha'1, 25.92 g kg’1, 1.38 g kg‘'and 12.12 g kg'1 , respectively. The rice response to F, N and F and the FPN combinations were due to increased availability and uptake of plant nutrients particularly N, P and Zn. The long term seasonal rainfall amounts and distribution and El-Nino-Southem Oscillation (ENSO) indices gave good and reliable projections on the time of sowing rice seeds in the study area. Based on the generated data farmyard manure, P and N rates at 3.5 t ha’1 30 kg P ha’1 and 50 kg N ha’1, respectively could be adopted for increased and sustainable rice production where R.WH technologies have been adopted on the Ndala River Catchment. Agro-climate extension service should be established. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/4708 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Sokoine University of Agriculture | en_US |
| dc.subject | Soil fertility | en_US |
| dc.subject | rice | en_US |
| dc.subject | Phosphorus and farmyard manure | en_US |
| dc.subject | Harvesting systems | en_US |
| dc.subject | semi arid areas | en_US |
| dc.title | Soil fertility status and response of rice to nitrogen, phosphorus and farmyard manure under rainwater harvesting systems in semi arid areas of Maswa, Tanzania. | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |