Land use conflicts between pastoralists and farmers in kilosa district, Tanzania
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Date
2006
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Land use conflicts between pastoralists and crop farmers in Tanzania arc becoming
prominent. Kilosa District in Morogoro Region has been experiencing these conflicts
frequently. The survey was conducted in Mfilisi, Mbwade and Rudewa Batini villages in
the district with the main objective of determining causes and solutions to land use
conflicts between pastoralists and farmers. Ninety respondents, with equal number of
pastoralists and farmers were interviewed using a questionnaire. PRA methods and key
informants interviews were also used in gathering information from local officials and
members of village conflict resolution committees. The major causes of the conflicts
revealed include cattle grazing on crops in fields, unclear land demarcations, and land
shortage, poor and low level of education, poor and/or lack of social and veterinary
services in pastoral allocated areas, ethnicity and lack of respect between group members.
Other causes were increase in livestock population, high and unbearable fines (penalties),
lack of instant response to conflict and bad governance. The study also highlighted
solutions of the conflicts between pastoralists and farmers. The major solutions at village
level included effective use of the village conflict resolution committees, individual
negotiations and proper allocation of village land. General solutions determined include
establishment and respect of land demarcations, education, reduce number and improve
livestock management, respect between group members, establishment and improvement of
social and veterinary services in pastoral allocated areas. Also review of land policies and
good governance were among major solutions. Conflicts between pastoralists and farmers
can be resolved and managed in a democratic way. Involvement of main actors (farmers
and pastoralists) can contribute significantly in maintaining peace and manage conflicts
between pastoralists and farmers.
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Keywords
Land use conflicts, Pastoralists, Farmers, Kilosa district, Tanzania