Saltwater intrusion and nitrate pollution in the coastal aquifer of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

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dc.contributor.authorMtoni, Yohana
dc.contributor.authorMjemah, Ibrahimu Chikira
dc.contributor.authorBakundukize, Charles
dc.contributor.authorVan Camp, Marc
dc.contributor.authorMartenes, Kristine
dc.contributor.authorWalraevens, Kristine
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-19T14:47:10Z
dc.date.available2022-12-19T14:47:10Z
dc.date.issued2013-11-03
dc.descriptionJournal Articleen_US
dc.description.abstractDar es Salaam Quaternary coastal aquifer is a major source of water supply in Dar es Salaam City used for domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses. However, groundwater overdraft and contamination are the major problems affecting the aquifer system. This study aims to define the principal hydrogeochemical processes control- ling groundwater quality in the coastal strip of Dar es Salaam and to investigate whether the threats of seawater intrusion and pollution are influencing groundwater qual- ity. Major cations and anions analysed in 134 groundwater samples reveal that groundwater is mainly affected by four factors: dissolution of calcite and dolomite, weathering of silicate minerals, seawater intrusion due to aquifer over- exploitation, and nitrate pollution mainly caused by the use of pit latrines and septic tanks. High enrichment of Na ? and Cl - near the coast gives an indication of seawater intrusion into the aquifer as also supported from the Na–Cl signature on the Piper diagram. The boreholes close to the coast have much higher Na/Cl molar ratios than the boreholes located further inland. The dissolution of calcite and dolomite in recharge areas results in Ca–HCO 3 and Ca–Mg–HCO 3 groundwater types. Further along flow paths, Ca 2? and Na ? ion exchange causes groundwater evolution to Na–HCO 3 type. From the PHREEQC simu- lation model, it appears that groundwater is undersaturated to slightly oversaturated with respect to the calcite and dolomite minerals. The results of this study provide important information required for the protection of the aquifer system.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/4873
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringer, Environimental Earth Science.en_US
dc.subjectDar es Salaamen_US
dc.subjectCoastal aquiferen_US
dc.subjectHydrogeochemical processesen_US
dc.subjectnitrate contaminationen_US
dc.subjectSalinizationen_US
dc.subjectCation exchangeen_US
dc.titleSaltwater intrusion and nitrate pollution in the coastal aquifer of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.urlDOI 10.1007/s12665-012-2197-7en_US

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