Utilization of domestic wastewater for irrigation in Dodoma and Morogoro Regions, Tanzania
| dc.contributor.author | Makono, Kilobe Benedict | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-01-05T08:01:52Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-01-05T08:01:52Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.description | Thesis | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | This study was undertaken to investigate the extent of domestic wastewater utilization for irrigation in Dodoma and Morogoro regions. Cross-sectional study was conducted from June, 2008 to February, 2009 in urban and pcr-urban areas using structured questionnaires from a sample of 200 respondents. I Icavy metal contents in wastewater, sediments and tomatoes were analysed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The study showed that the major sources of wastewater generation were residential, commercial and institutional areas. Wastewaters generated from various sources were treated by Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) system that uses natural factors. The study found that 90% of the 112 households using wastewater and 85% of the 88 households not using the resource indicated effluents from WSPs as main and reliable source of water for irrigation. Informal flood irrigation was practiced by farmers using wastewater however without wearing protective devices. Wastewater utilization in agriculture was accepted by 97.3% of farmers using wastewater and 64.8% of farmers not using it and the difference was significant (p<0.01). The main crops cultivated using treated wastewater included maize, rice and vegetables. Important factors that influenced utilization of wastewater in agriculture included awareness of the benefits of using wastewater, average income accrued from agricultural activities, paddy production per acre, distance to main water source, location of fanners and minimal use of fertilizer in the field. Wastewater utilization improves livelihoods of farmers and food security and serves as a source of employment, 'fhc concentrations of heavy metals in tomatoes irrigated with wastewater after the maturation pond were lower than the recommended values by the World Health Organisation (WHO, 2008) that demonstrated no health risks to consumers. Based on the findings from this study it is recommended that Urban Water and Sewerage Authorities should improve service delivery on water and sewerage and encourage people to subscribe to sewerage services; wastewater use in agriculture be included in the district plans; the country should develop guidelines, policies and practices for safer wastewater use; and research on microbial analysis and on organic pollutants be conducted to establish evidence of health effects associated with the use of wastewater in agriculture. | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Institute of Rural Development Planning (IRDP) Dodoma | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/4879 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Sokoine University of Agriculture | en_US |
| dc.subject | Domestic wastewater utilization | en_US |
| dc.subject | Irrigation | en_US |
| dc.subject | Cross-sectional | en_US |
| dc.subject | Atomic absorption spectrophotometer | en_US |
| dc.title | Utilization of domestic wastewater for irrigation in Dodoma and Morogoro Regions, Tanzania | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |