Risk factors for human cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in the hot-spot districts of Northern Tanzania: an unmatched case control study

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dc.contributor.authorMwakapeje, E.R.
dc.contributor.authorNonga, H.E.
dc.contributor.authorMdegela, R.H.
dc.contributor.authorSkjerve, E.
dc.contributor.authorHøgset, S.
dc.contributor.authorSoftic, A.
dc.contributor.authorMghamba, J.
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-20T05:57:46Z
dc.date.available2019-08-20T05:57:46Z
dc.date.issued2018-09-05
dc.descriptionRoyal Society of Open Science, 2018; 5: 180479en_US
dc.description.abstractBacillus anthracis is an aerobic, Gram-positive and sporeforming bacterium, which causes anthrax in herbivores. Humans get infected after coming into contact with infected animals’ products. An unmatched case–control study was conducted to identify the importance of demographic, biological and/or behavioural factors associated with human cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in the hotspot areas of Northern Tanzania. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to both cases and controls. The age range of participants was 1–80 years with a median age of 32 years. In the younger group (1–20 years), the odds of being infected were 25 times higher in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (OR¼ 25, 95% CI ¼ 1.5–410). By contrast, the odds of exposure in the old group ( 20 years) were three times lower in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (OR ¼ 3.2, 95% CI ¼ 1.28–8.00). Demographic characteristics, sleeping on animal’s skins, contacting with infected carcasses through skinning and butchering, and not having formal education were linked to exposure for anthrax infection. Hence, a One Health approach is inevitable for the prevention and control of anthrax outbreaks in the hotspot areas of Northern Tanzania.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe World Banken_US
dc.identifier.citationMwakapeje ER, Høgset S, Softic A, Mghamba J, Nonga HE, Mdegela RH, Skjerve E. 2018 Risk factors for human cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in the hotspot districts of Northern Tanzania: an unmatched case–control study. R. Soc. open sci. 5: 180479.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/2910
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherRoyal Society Open Scienceen_US
dc.subjectCutaneous anthraxen_US
dc.subjectCultural practicesen_US
dc.subjectAnimal and human interactionsen_US
dc.subjectTanzaniaen_US
dc.titleRisk factors for human cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in the hot-spot districts of Northern Tanzania: an unmatched case control studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6170534/en_US

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