Pugu Forest Reserve is a coastal forest covering an area of 2,410 hectares; but has been significantly altered by on-going extraction and conversion to other land uses which releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere ...

Tanzania adopted the river basin model in 1950s and declared it as an essential feature for economic development. Since 1990 management of water resources in Tanzania is based on the nine river basins that do not follow ...

The influence of logging and animal grazing on the litter layer and water infiltration rate of soils in plantation forests. Investigations to show the extent of soil disturbance caused by logging and animal grazing ...

Timber harvesting in Tanzania uses semi-mechanized and labour – intensive logging systems. Manual or semi- mechanized logging operations by using hand tools are more favoured due to cheap labour availability. For example, ...

An optimal road spacing is the one which minimizes the overall sum of skidding costs, road construction and road maintenance costs. As road spacing increases, skidding cost increases while road construction and maintenance ...

The ox skidding project was initiated with the objective ofusing oxen for transporting logs from the stump sites to the landings. Itwas supposed to be a participatory research project aimed at integrating scientific knowledge ...

Livestock are central to the livelihoods of Tanzanians who rely on them for income via sales of milk, meat, skins and draught power. Owning livestock is amongst the ways in which many Tanzanians could diversify their ...