Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of chikungunya, dengue, and zika in eight districts in Tanzania
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Date
2021
Authors
Mwanyika, Gaspary O.
Sindato, Calvin
Rugarabamu, Sima
Rumisha, Susan F.
Karimuribo, Esron D.
Misinzo, Gerald
Rweyemamu, Mark M.
Hamid, Muzamil M. Abdel
Haider, Najmul
Vairo, Francesco
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of chikungunya
(CHIKV), dengue (DENV), and Zika (ZIKV) viruses in Tanzania.
Methods: The study covered the districts of Buhigwe, Kalambo, Kilindi, Kinondoni, Kondoa, Kyela,
Mvomero, and Ukerewe in Tanzania. Blood samples were collected from individuals recruited from house-
holds and healthcare facilities. An ELISA was used to screen for immunoglobulin G antibodies against
CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV.
Results: A total of 1818 participants (median age 34 years) were recruited. The overall CHIKV, DENV,
and ZIKV seroprevalence rates were 28.0%, 16.1%, and 6.8%, respectively. CHIKV prevalence was highest in
Buhigwe (46.8%), DENV in Kinondoni (43.8%), and ZIKV in Ukerewe (10.6%) and Mvomero (10.6%). Increas-
ing age and frequent mosquito bites were significantly associated with CHIKV and DENV seropositivity
( P < 0.05). Having piped water or the presence of stagnant water around the home ( P < 0.01) were as-
sociated with higher odds of DENV seropositivity. Fever was significantly associated with increased odds
of CHIKV seropositivity ( P < 0.001). Visiting mines had higher odds of ZIKV seropositivity ( P < 0.05).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV are circulating in diverse ecological
zones of Tanzania. There is a need to strengthen the control of mosquito-borne viral diseases in Tanzania.
Description
International Journal of Infectious Diseases 111 (2021) pp. 271–280
Keywords
Chikungunya, Dengue Zika, Seroprevalence, Risk factors, Tanzania