Abstract:
Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) has greatly enhanced the understanding of the
population structure of MTB isolates and epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB). To characterize prevalent
genotypes of MTB, microarrays‑based spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit‑variable
number of tandem repeats (MIRU‑VNTR) were applied on 80 isolates collected from primary
health care facilities in Tanga, North‑eastern Tanzania. A total of 18 distinct spoligotypes were identified.
The lineages by order of their predominance were EAI and CAS families (26.25%, 21 isolates each), LAM
family and T super‑family (10%, 8 isolates each), MANU family (3.75%, 3 isolates), Beijing family (2.5%, 2
isolates) and S family (1.25%, 1 isolate). Overall, sixteen (20%) strains could not be allocated to any lineage
according to the SITVIT_WEB database. The allelic diversity (h) for specific MIRU‑VNTR loci showed a
considerable variation ranging from 0.826 of VNTR locus 3192 to 0.141 of VNTR locus 2059. The allelic
diversity for 11 loci (VNTR 3192, 2996, 2165, 960, 4052, 424, 4156, 2531, 1644, 802 and 3690) exceeded
0.6, indicating highly discriminatory power. Seven loci (VNTR 2163b, 2401, 1955, 577, 4348, 2687 and
580) showed moderate discrimination (0.3 h 0.6), and three loci (VNTR3007, 154 and 2059) were less
polymorphic. The present study suggests that the TB cases in Tanga might be caused by a diverse array of
MTB strain families that may be indicative of a cosmopolitan population with frequent migration and
travel. Microarray‑based spoligotyping and MIRU‑VNTR could be reliable tools in detecting different MTB
genotypes in high burden settings.
