Control of rodent pests in maize cultivation: the case of Africa
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Date
2017
Authors
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Publisher
Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited
Abstract
Rodents cause serious problems to human communities in Africa as a result of their
involvement in the spread of diseases (Katakweba et al. 2012) and in the losses of crops
through direct consumption (Mulungu et al. 2003; Bekele et al. 2003) and spoilage
(Mdangi et al. 2013). For example, Taylor (1968) reported 20% damage to maize crop
after the outbreak of rodents in Western Kenya. Earlier reports (Taylor 1968) on economic
losses due to rodents in Kenya indicated 20–30% damage to maize crops, and a 34–100%
loss during rodent outbreaks. In Ethiopia, it has been estimated that rodents consume up
to 26.4% of maize crop in most years (Bekele et al. 2003). In Northern Ethiopia, surveyed
farmers estimated 9–44% pre-harvest yield losses in annual production of cereal crops
due to rodent attacks (Meheretu et al. 2010), while Central Ethiopia showed 26.4% loss of
yield in maize (Bekele et al. 2003). In Tanzania, rodents are estimated to cause on average
15% yield loss (Makundi et al. 1991), which would mean the loss of around 382 673 tonnes
per year of the actual yield (FAO statistics 2014). This amount of maize, with an estimated
value of US$42.5 million (at US$11.1 per 100 kg bag of maize), would be enough to
feed 2.1 million people for a whole year (at about 0.5 kg/day/person). However, in many
parts of Africa, this figure has risen dramatically over the last few years, most noticeably
in places where rodent outbreaks occur (Mwanjabe et al. 2002; Taylor and Green 1968,
1976). Today
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Keywords
Rodent pests, Maize cultivation, Human communities, Maize crops