Aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in homemade and commercial cereal based complementary foods with formula in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
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Date
2018
Authors
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AF) and fumonisins (FM) are major foodborne mycotoxins of public health
concerns that infect maize and groundnuts which are the main components of cereal based
complementary foods with formula (CBCF-F). The study was conducted to: determine and
compare the quantity of total AF and FM among different types of CBCF-F, identify the
factors that might influence high contamination of AF and FM in CBCF-F, and assess
awareness and perceptions of the processors about AF and FM contamination in cereals.
The study design was cross-sectional, involving 60 processors whose 70 CBCF-F were
collected for laboratory analysis. High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Enzyme
Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods were used to quantify total AF and FM in the 70
CBCF-F samples. Data analysis was done using SPSS, and comparisons of the total AF
and FM among samples were done with Duncan’s LSD. The results showed that 93 and
98% of CBCF-F samples were contaminated with AF and FM respectively; 32.9% of the
samples exceeded the regulatory limit of 10 ppb set by TBS. There was no sample that
exceeded the regulatory limit of 2 ppm for total fumonisin. The factors that increased AF
contamination in CBCF-F were the use of groundnuts (p < 0.05) and living in rental
houses (p < 0.05). Eighty-two (82%) and 95% of the respondents were not aware of AF
and FM respectively; 90 had seen molds but 76.7% of them did not associate them with
health implications while 28.3 and 48.3% perceived molds as crop diseases and decayed
foods with no health implications to human being respectively. It is concluded that infants
depending on CBCF-F are exposed to AF and FM contamination. Also, groundnuts and
rental houses contribute significantly to increasing total AF in CBCF-F, and the majority
of processors of CBCF-F are not aware of multiple occurrences of mycotoxins in cereal
products. It is recommended that mycotoxins contamination should be viewed as a cross
cutting issue and given priority in Tanzania.
Description
MSc.Dissertation
Keywords
Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania, Foodborne mycotoxins, Public health, Complementary food, Aflatoxins, Fumonisins