Mycobacterial adenitis: role of mycobacterium bovis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, hiv infection, and risk factors in arusha, Tanzania
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Date
2004-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
East African Medical Journal
Abstract
Objective: To assess risk factors and mycobacterial agents in mycobacterial adenitis.
Design: Cross sectional involving comparison analysis of high-risk groups.
Setting: Seven hospitals in rural and semi-rural districts of Arusha.
Subjects: The study comprised of 457 patients of clinically diagnosed mycobacterial adenitis.
Interventions: Biopsy materials were cultured and identification of mycobacterial isolates,
and HIV infection testing were performed using standard methods. A questionnaire was
used to establish information for assessing risk factors.
Main outcome measures: Proportions of mycobacterial isolates, risk factors and odds
ratios.
Results: Of the 457 specimens, 65(14.2%) were culture positive. Isolates identified were
M. bovis, 7(10.8%) M. tuberculosis, 27(41.5%) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria
31(47.7%). HIV infection and ingestion of raw milk were linked with increased risk
of M. bovis infection by OR of 13.6 (95% CI, 1.7 - 109.9) and 15.28 (3.26 - 71.7),
respectively. On multivariate analysis, an OR of 16.2 (1.3 - 201.3) for having M. bovis
adenitis was linked to HIV infection, raw milk and houses with poor ventilation. An
OR of 5.2 (1.2 - 20.6) for non-tuberculous mycobacterial adenitis was linked to history
of TB in the family, HIV infection, raw milk, raw animal products and poor knowledge
on transmission of tuberculosis.
Conclusions: M. bovis caused one out of ten cases of culture positive mycobacterial
adenitis. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria were more common than M. tuberculosis (50%
and 40% of the cases, respectively). HIV infection and raw animal products are among
the risk factors identified for M. bovis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial adenitis.
Description
East African Medical Journal 2004, Vol. 81 (4)
Keywords
Mycobacterial adenitis, Mycobacterium bovis, Non-tuberculous, Tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterial agents, HIV infection testing