Articles, Conference and Workshop Papers Collection
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Browsing Articles, Conference and Workshop Papers Collection by Subject "Agriculture"
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Item Fertiliser application by small-scale farmers in the post-colonial Tanzania: lessons from the fertiliser subsidy programmes(The sub Saharan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (SJSSH), 2022) Nyanda, Suzana S.Tanzania has been subsidising fertilisers for farmers, but its accessibility to small-scale farmers has remained a challenge. This study assesses the fertiliser subsidy programs implemented in Tanzania since its independence. Precisely, the study analyses the driving forces for the identified fertiliser subsidy programs assess the programs' strengths and weaknesses and suggests the way forward based on lessons learnt. A desk review of journal articles, grey literature from conference papers and national documents on fertiliser subsidy programs in Tanzania was conducted. The fertiliser subsidy programs identified include the universal fertiliser subsidy program, the fertiliser transport subsidy, and the National Agricultural Input Voucher Scheme (NAIVS). The implementation of the fertiliser subsidy programs was informed by changes that occurred in different historical periods, including the period just after independence and before the economic liberalisation, the economic liberalisation in the 1990s, the drought agenda in 2002/2003, and the food price crisis in 2007/2008. Besides the universal fertiliser subsidy program, the other two targeted farmers, geographical locations, and crops to enhance staple food production to ensure national food security. The fertiliser transport and NAIVS subsidy programs had some weaknesses such as elite capture, malpractices by the agro-dealers, and limited capacity of agro-dealers to timely delivery of fertilisers. The study concludes that, since economic liberalisation, Tanzania has been subsiding fertilisers to enhance food crop production for food security purposes with limited impact in transforming the sector. The study recommends that fertiliser subsidisation should not be limited to improving food security but also focus on enhancing household income gains to help some small- scale farmers graduate to another level and/or exit from the sector to strengthen agricultural transformation. Also, the Ministry of Agriculture should devise a comprehensive monitoring system for any fertiliser subsidy program targeting small- scale farmers to control the elite capture.Item Forces driving purchasing behaviour of tourists hotels along tourist-agricultural supply chain in Zanzibar(Canadian Centre for Science and Education, 2018) Bengesi, K. M. K.; Abdalla, J. O.This paper examined forces driving tourists’ hotels purchasing behaviour. The results revealed that the tourist hotels consider several factors before deciding to source vegetables and fruits from smallholder farmers. The most prominent factors for the tourist hotels to source vegetables and fruits were consistent quality, regular supply, compliance to legal practices, and hygiene conditions. Interestingly, proximity to the tourists’ hotels and competitive price of fruits and vegetables were not among important driving forces contributing to the choice of sourcing points. This suggests that the tourist hotels are willing to pay premium prices so long they are assured of quality and regular supply, compliance to legal practices and observe hygiene conditions. With the fact that smallholder farmers lack access to appropriate market information, produce at subsistence level and lack logistic infrastructure this call for a change of mind-set among smallholder farmers and position strategically to take advantage of emerging markets.Item Gender and perception on climate change in Bahi and Kondoa districts, Dodoma region, Tanzania(2012) Swai, O. W; Mbwambo, J. S; Magayane, F. TPerception precedes measures to adapt to climate change effects. However, little is known on how men and women dealing with agriculture in rural Tanzania perceive climate change. The study to analyze perception on climate change by gender was done in Bahi and Kondoa Districts Dodoma Region, Tanzania. Meteorological data were also used. Primary data obtained from 78 key informants, 12 focus groups and a sample of 360 respondents. Analysis involved descriptive statistics for quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data. Findings revealed that 82.7% of men and 76.7% of women perceived the change in rainfall; 98.3% of men and 97.2% of women the change in temperature; 97.2% of men and 95.6% of women the change in strong wind; and all men (100%) and 98.9% of women the change in drought; acknowledging that rainfall variation, temperature, strong wind and drought had increased. It is concluded that majority of men and women perceived the changes in climate. The information obtained can be used as a base in formulating appropriate interventions to manage climate change problems in agriculture sector. The study recommends people of Dodoma, Tanzania and the LDCs to use available knowledge systems to develop appropriate interventions to manage climate change problems.Item The role of institutions in enhancing youth involvement in agriculture:(Sokoine Univercity of Agriculture, 2019) SHOSHIWA, F. JThe research was done to assess the role of institutions in enhancing youth’s involvement in agriculture among 120 youth in Mzumbe Ward in Mvomero District. The specific objectives were: Youths’ assessment of agriculture as income generating activity, determining the extent of youth involvement in agriculture, examining factors influencing youth’s involvement in agriculture and analyzing the association between institutions and youth’s willingness to engage in agriculture. Qualitative data in four villages were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), while quantitative data were collected through questionnaire survey. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for quantitative data analysis and content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Overall, the results showed that institutions, when considered in their entirety, had positive influence in enhancing youth involvement in agriculture. The institutions which proved to have favourable influence include traditional land tenure system, market system, extension system, credit system, traditional beliefs and norms. Taxes and land policies showed unfavourable influence to youth’s involvement in agriculture. The results also show that youth were involved in agriculture in satisfactory extent and had positive opinions towards agriculture. It is concluded that most of institutions had favourable influence in enhancing youth’s involvement in agriculture though taxes and land policies on the other hand had unfavourable influence towards youth’s involvement in agriculture. Therefore, the study recommends that government should put more emphasis to support formal institutions such as taxes and land policies and other institutions dealing with agriculture on promoting youth’s involvement in agriculture in the study area and the country at large. The government in collaboration with NGOs should create conducive market environment that would enable farmers benefit more from their engagement in agriculture through provision of soft loans, agricultural extension services and input supplies, market linkages to youth and acquisition of land for agricultural activities.