Theses and Dissertations Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://10.10.97.169:4000/handle/123456789/109
Browse
Browsing Theses and Dissertations Collection by Subject "Animal diseases"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item Coenurosis in slab-slaughtered sheep and goats in Ngorongoro district: prevalence and predisposing factors of the disease(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2013) Miran, Miran BushelegiTaenia multiceps is a worldwide in distribution which inhabits the small intestine of dogs, foxes, coyotes and jackals. However, until recently, there were no reports of the occurrence of Taenia multiceps associated ill health in Tanzania in livestock. In this study, the prevalence of Taenia multiceps metacestode (Coenurus cerebralis) as well as other Taenia and Echinococcus metacestodes particularly Cysticercus tenuicollis and hydatid cysts in slab-slaughtered sheep and goats, community knowledge and predisposing factors of coenurosis in Ngorongoro district were determined. The study reports for the first time the occurrence on the one hand and the prevalence on the other hand of coenurosis in slaughtered sheep and goats due to Taenia multiceps metacestode (Coenurus cerebralis) in Ngorongoro district. Of 180 examined carcasses of sheep and goats, 80 (44.4%), 93 (51.7%) and 35 (19.4%) were found to be infected with C. cerebralis, C. tenuicollis and Hydatid cysts respectively whereas some had concurrent infections. Widespread dog keeping for herding purposes, large dog population, close contact between small ruminants (sheep and goats) and dogs, lack of knowledge in the community on how coenurosis occurs, free access of dogs to carcases/offal including brains of small ruminants sometimes containing viable C. cerebralis cysts and inadequate animal health services for dogs especially worm control are major factors which contribute to persisting coenurosis. Thus, knowledge of epidemiology of the disease is critical for the effective disease management and control (health protection and disease prevention). To address these, the development of a control strategy (programme) is required. Therefore, much remains to be done in research to pave the way for coenurosis control and the findings of this study can be used to guide future research programmes.Item A study of the economic and political drivers of foot-and-mouth disease control in Tanzania(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2016) Ndhlovu, GloriaThe Livestock sector plays a vital role in the economies of many developing countries. It provides food, income, employment and possibly foreign exchange. Consumption and trade of livestock and livestock products in developing countries is rapidly growing however, animal diseases have a permanent threat to livestock keepersand major economic implications both through public and private costs of outbreaks. An example of such diseases is transboundary animal diseases (TADs). One of the significant TADs in Tanzania, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), isendemic and a major threat to livestock production. The disease impacts and incentives for its control are likely to vary across stakeholders affected by this disease, but these aspects have been poorly characterized in Tanzania. To address these gaps this study investigated political, economic and social drivers of FMD control in Tanzania across different sectors so as to provide the evidence which would support decision making in the control of the disease. The study used collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data. It revealed that FMD caused a standardized milk loss of 2.67 litres per cow per day withan average price of milk per liter per day estimated at Tsh868.75.Therefore, direct losses due to reduced milk yield were estimated at Tsh2319 and an average indirect loss due to control cost was estimated at Tsh2344 per animal per day. The study further identified vaccination as the most important prevention strategy, however, there is need to predict the pattern in which local circulating virus strains occur and develop vaccines relevant to these circulating strains.Identified priority areas of action include better communication mechanisms for better dialogue amongst stakeholders concerned with FMD control and involvement of livestock keepers in national dialogue. Overall,traditional farmers expressed a keen interest in continuing to be involved in research effortswith researchers to develop joint agendas for FMD control. In Tanzania, there is currently still some debate amongst national stakeholders as to whether FMD should be considered a private or public goo