Browsing by Author "Shitindi, Mawazo Jamson"
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Item Response of tomato (lycoperscon esculentum m.) to coffee pulp compost, Minjingu phosphate rock and coffee pulp – Minjingu phosphate rock compost applied to a chromic acrisol(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2011) Shitindi, Mawazo JamsonA study was conducted in a glasshouse at Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro, Tanzania to investigate the effect of coffee pulp compost (CP), Minjingu phosphate rock (MPR) and coffee pulp composted with Minjingu phosphate rock (CPMPR) on phosphorus availability and response of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.) var. Carl J in 3x8 completely randomized block design experiment. The P sources were applied on a P deficient Chromic Acrisol at eight equivalent rates of 0, 40, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160 and 200 kg P ha -1 . Five tomato seeds were directly sown in each pot then thinned to three seedlings at 30 days after planting (DAP). Two out of the three plants were harvested from each pot 60 DAP for assessment of dry matter yield response to the three P sources and nutrient concentrations in the plants. One plant was maintained per pot to harvesting maturity for assessment of growth and yield responses. Crop responses were further assessed in terms of plant heights and number of true leaves per plant, number of flowers, fruits and trusses per plant as well as numbers and weights of marketable fruits harvested per plant. Experimental soil was analyzed at the end of the experiment to assess the effect of the three P sources on residual P and other chemical properties of the soil. The application of CP, MPR and CPMPR at 40 to 200 kg P ha -1 increased the overall P uptake 11, 13 and 18 folds while the overall plant P contents increased by 23%, 36% and 110%, respectively above the control. The average number of flowers increased from 0 to17, 0 to 23 and 0 to 29 per plant, while the average number of fruits increased from 0 to 6, 0 to 19 and 0 to 24 fruits per plant, respectively. The average number of marketable fruits increased by 4, 5 and 7 fruits per plant while the average fruit weight increased by 152.2 g, 168.2 g and 242.0 g per plant, respectively. CPMPR thus, significantly (p=0.05) increased P uptake and concentrations in plant tissues, the numbers of flowers, fruits, marketable fruits and weight of tomato fruits; while its effect on residual soil P at the end of theiii experiment was comparable to MPR. Composting coffee pulp with MPR was thus concluded as a potential technique for improving MPR dissolution, P and other nutrient supply as well as the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil.Item Tanzanian bat guano as an alternative source of phosphorus for organic rice production(International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2021-11-29) Hatibu, Asha Ally; Shitindi, Mawazo Jamson; Marwa, Ernest MelkioryMany tropical and subtropical soils are low in phosphorus. This is partly because of excessive weathering, high phosphorous (P) fixation rates, and low P levels in soil parent materials. Continuous removal of P from soils by crops, coupled with limited application of P fertilizers, is also among the contributing factors for low P in soils. Phosphorus is among the most limiting macronutrient in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. This study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of bat guano collected from Kisarawe (BGK-A and BGK-B) and Sukumawera caves (BGS) in Tanzania. The screen-house experiment at the Sokoine University of Agriculture was designed as a 4 × 6 factorial experiment conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Guano and triple superphosphate (TSP) were used as standard fertilizer at six P application rates. The yield of rice in response to applied TSP was comparable to applied guano but in the order TSP > BGK-A > BGS > BGK-B. All parameters increased with an increase in applied amounts of P from guano and TSP. Besides this study revealed the significant (P = .05) interaction between P sources and P rates on plant height (PH), micronutrient concentration and dry matter (DM). The study showed the correlation between grain yield (GY) and other crop components of dry matter (DM), the number of panicles (NP), Panicle height (PAH), plant height (PH) and number of tillers (NT). A significant and positive correlation was found for the GY-DM (r = 0.58, P = .05), GY-PAH (r = 0.65, P < .001), and GY-NT (r = 0.420, P = 0.1). But strong positive correlation was found between GY-PH (r = 0.76, P < .001) and GY-NP (r = 0.84, P < .001). It was concluded that studied guanos can be used as an alternative source of P, especially for smallholder farmers.